Herbicidal compositions containing N-phosphonomethyl glycine and an auxin herbicide

ABSTRACT

Herbicidal compositions are provided which cause rapid symptomology while delivering long term control of regrowth of plants. The herbicidal concentrate compositions comprise N-phosphonomethylglycine or a herbicidal derivative thereof, an auxin herbicide or a herbicidal derivative thereof, and at least one surfactant. Also provided is a method for killing or controlling the growth of certain plants by contacting the foliage of the plants with the diluted concentrate composition.

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/273,025, filed May 8, 2014, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,499,646,which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/802,395,filed Jun. 4, 2010, now abandoned, which is a continuation of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/077,279, filed Mar. 10, 2005, nowabandoned, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.60/552,065, filed Mar. 10, 2004, the entire contents of each of whichare incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates generally to herbicidal compositions orformulations, and to methods of using such compositions to kill orcontrol the growth and proliferation of unwanted plants. In particular,the present invention relates to herbicidal compositions, as well astheir methods of use, which comprise N-phosphonomethylglycine(glyphosate), or a herbicidal derivative thereof, and an auxinherbicide, or a herbicidal derivative thereof, optionally with one ormore suitable surfactants. Such compositions cause early visual symptomsof treatment and/or enhanced effectiveness or control when applied tothe foliage of plants.

Glyphosate is well known in the art as an effective post-emergentfoliar-applied herbicide. In its acid form, glyphosate has a structurerepresented by the formula:

and is relatively insoluble in water (1.16% by weight at 25° C.). Forthis reason it is typically formulated as a water-soluble salt.

Among the water soluble salts of glyphosate is the potassium salt,having a structure represented by the formula:

in the ionic form predominantly present in aqueous solution at a pH ofabout 4. Glyphosate potassium salt has a molecular weight of 207. Thissalt is disclosed, for example, by Franz in U.S. Pat. No. 4,405,531, asone of the “alkali metal” salts of glyphosate useful as herbicides, withpotassium being specifically disclosed as one of the alkali metals,along with lithium, sodium, cesium and rubidium. Example C discloses thepreparation of the monopotassium salt by reacting the specified amountsof glyphosate acid and potassium carbonate in an aqueous medium.

Herbicidal compositions comprising the herbicideN-phosphonomethyl-glycine or derivatives thereof (“glyphosate”), areuseful for suppressing the growth of, or killing, unwanted plants suchas grasses, weeds and the like. Glyphosate typically is applied to thefoliage of the target plant. After application the glyphosate isabsorbed by the foliar tissue of the plant and translocated throughoutthe plant. Glyphosate noncompetitively blocks an important biochemicalpathway which is common to virtually all plants, but which is absent inanimals. Although glyphosate is very effective in killing or controllingthe growth of unwanted plants, the uptake (i.e., absorption) ofglyphosate by the plant foliar tissue and translocation of glyphosatethroughout the plant is relatively slow. Visual symptoms that a planthas been treated with glyphosate may not appear until one week or moreafter treatment.

There is a continuing need for herbicidal compositions which exhibitlong-term control of unwanted plants and exhibit early visual symptomsof treatment. These compositions would be well suited to applications incooler temperatures wherein the early visual symptoms may be readilyseen while the long-term control would improve as temperatures increase.

As will be clear from the disclosure that follows, these and otherbenefits are provided by the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides herbicidal compositions comprisingglyphosate or a herbicidal derivative thereof, an auxin herbicide or aherbicidal derivative thereof, and at least one surfactant. The presentinvention also provides methods for killing or controlling the growth ofplants by contacting the foliage of the plants with the dilutedconcentrate composition.

One embodiment of the present invention is directed to an aqueousherbicidal concentrate composition comprising glyphosate or a herbicidalderivative thereof, an auxin comprising one or more auxin herbicidesselected from the group consisting of 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, dichlorprop, MCPA,MCPB, mecoprop, dicamba, picloram, quniclorac and agriculturallyacceptable salts or esters thereof and a surfactant component insolution or stable suspension, emulsion or dispersion, comprising one ormore surfactants. The glyphosate (acid equivalent basis) and the auxinherbicide (acid equivalent basis) are present in a weight ratio of atleast 32:1 and the composition has a cloud point of at least about 50 Cand a crystallization point not higher than about 0 C.

Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to an aqueousherbicidal concentrate composition comprising glyphosate, predominantlyin the form of the potassium salt thereof in a concentration of at least65 grams acid equivalent per liter, and an auxin herbicide comprisingone or more auxin herbicides selected from the group consisting of2,4-D, 2,4-DB, dichlorprop, MCPA, MCPB, mecoprop, dicamba, picloram,quniclorac and agriculturally acceptable salts or esters thereof. Theherbicidal concentrate composition further comprises a first surfactantcomponent in solution or stable suspension, emulsion or dispersioncomprising one or more surfactants selected from the group consisting ofsecondary or tertiary amines, dialkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts,monoalkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary ammonium salts,ether amines, amine oxides, dialkoxylated amines, aminated alkoxylatedalcohols, alkyl alkoxylated phosphates and alkylpolyglycosides.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention is directed to anaqueous herbicidal concentrate composition comprising glyphosate,predominantly in the form of the isopropylammonium salt thereof in aconcentration of greater than 360 grams acid equivalent per liter, anauxin herbicide component comprising one or more auxin herbicidesselected from the group consisting of 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, dichlorprop, MCPA,MCPB, mecoprop, dicamba, picloram, quniclorac and agriculturallyacceptable salts or esters thereof, and a surfactant component insolution or stable suspension, emulsion or dispersion, comprising one ormore surfactants. The glyphosate (acid equivalent basis) and the auxinherbicide component (acid equivalent basis) are present in a weightratio of at least 9.5:1 and the composition has a cloud point of atleast about 50 C and a crystallization point not higher than about 0° C.

Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to a method ofkilling or controlling weeds or unwanted plants comprising diluting anaqueous herbicidal concentrate composition in an amount of water to forman application mixture and applying a herbicidally effective amount ofthe application mixture to foliage of the weeds or unwanted plants,wherein the weeds or unwanted plants comprise Commelina and the aqueousherbicidal concentrate composition comprises glyphosate or a herbicidalderivative thereof, an auxin herbicide component comprising one or moreauxin herbicides selected from the group consisting of 2,4-D, 2,4-DB,dichlorprop, MCPA, MCPB, mecoprop, dicamba, picloram, quniclorac andagriculturally acceptable salts or esters thereof, and a surfactantcomponent in solution or stable suspension, emulsion or dispersion,comprising one or more surfactants.

Other objects and features of the present invention will be in partapparent and in part pointed out hereinafter.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

According to the present invention, herbicidal compositions containingglyphosate or a derivative thereof, an auxin herbicide or a derivativethereof, and a suitable surfactant, are provided that are advantageousfor a number of reasons, including early visual symptoms of planttreatment, rapid uptake by the target plant, and control of a broadspectrum of plant species, as well as enhanced, more consistent controlof unwanted plants. Although use of reduced application rates is notpreferred, in at least some embodiments, lower application rates may beused without a significant loss of effectiveness of plant control.

Among the various aspects of the present invention is an aqueousherbicidal composition of N-phosphonomethyl glycine (glyphosate),predominantly in the form of the potassium salt thereof, and an auxinherbicide. The word “predominantly” in the above context means that atleast about 50%, preferably at least about 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85,90 or about 95%, by weight of the glyphosate, expressed as a.e., ispresent as the potassium salt. Other salts of glyphosate which can makeup the balance of the glyphosate component are agriculturally acceptablesalts including the isopropylamine, di-ammonium, ammonium, sodium,monoethanolamine, n-propylamine, methylamine, ethylamine,hexamethylenediamine, dimethylamine or trimethylsulfonium salts. Thesecond salt ion should be chosen so as not to adversely affect theviscosity, cloud point, non-crystallization and other stabilityproperties of the composition.

Another aspect of the present invention is an aqueous herbicidalcomposition of N-phosphonomethyl glycine (glyphosate), predominantly inthe form of the isopropylamine salt thereof, and an auxin herbicide.Other salts of glyphosate which can make up the balance of theglyphosate component are agriculturally acceptable salts including thedi-ammonium, ammonium, sodium, potassium, monoethanolamine,n-propylamine, methylamine, ethylamine, hexamethylenediamine,dimethylamine or trimethylsulfonium salts.

The auxin herbicide is selected from the group consisting of2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butanoicacid (2,4-DB), dichloroprop, (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid(MCPA), 4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)butanoic acid (MCPB), mecoprop,dicamba, picloram, quinclorac, agriculturally acceptable salts or estersof any of these herbicides, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment,preferably, the auxin herbicide is selected from the group consisting of2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), dicamba, salts or estersthereof, and mixtures thereof. Generally, the primary action of auxinherbicides appears to involve cell wall plasticity and nucleic acidmetabolism. 2,4-D is thought to acidify the cell wall by stimulating theactivity of a membrane-bound ATPase-driven proton pump. The reduction inapoplasmic pH induces cell elongation by increasing the activity ofcertain enzymes responsible for cell wall loosening. Low concentrationsof 2,4-D are reported to stimulate RNA polymerase, resulting insubsequent increases in RNA, DNA, and protein biosynthesis. Abnormalincreases in these processes presumably lead to uncontrolled celldivision and growth, which results in vascular tissue destruction. Incontrast, high concentrations of 2,4-D and other auxin-type herbicidesinhibit cell division and growth, usually in meristematic regions thataccumulate photosynthate assimilates and herbicide from the phloem.

In another embodiment, preferably, the auxin herbicide is at least 1%soluble by weight in water at pH 6. The auxin herbicide can be presentin the composition in the form of its acid, an agriculturally acceptablesalt (e.g., isopropylamine, di-ammonium, ammonium, sodium,monoethanolamine, n-propylamine, methylamine, ethylamine,hexamethylenediamine, dimethylamine or trimethylsulfonium), or anagriculturally acceptable ester (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl,octyl, ethoxyethyl, butoxyethyl or methoxypropyl). The salt or ester ionof the auxin herbicide should be chosen to not affect the viscosity,cloud point, non-crystallization and other stability properties of thecomposition.

In another aspect of the present invention, the glyphosate and auxinherbicide compositions may contain 5 g a.e./L (grams acid equivalent perliter) to 600 g glyphosate a.e./L, preferably from 65 to about 600, fromabout 75 to about 600, from about 100 to about 600, from about 150 toabout 600, from about 200 to about 600, from about 250 to about 600,from about 300 to about 600, from about 350 to about 600, from about 400to about 600, from about 450 to about 600, or from about 480 to about600 g glyphosate a.e./L. In this context, generally, the weight ratio ofthe glyphosate (acid equivalent basis) to the auxin herbicide (acidequivalent basis) varies depending on the activity of the auxinherbicide which is generally determined using the standard use rates. Aperson skilled in the art would know that a higher standard use rateindicates a lower activity and thus more of the auxin herbicide shouldbe used to achieve acceptable results. With this relationship in mind,in one embodiment, typically, the weight ratio of glyphosate to 2,4-D,2,4-DB, MCPA, or MCPB is about 10:1 to about 100:1. In anotherembodiment, typically, the weight ratio of glyphosate to mecoprop isabout 10:1 to about 50:1. In yet another embodiment, typically, theweight ratio of glyphosate to dicamba, or picloram is about 20:1 toabout 200:1. In a further embodiment, preferably, the weight ratio ofglyphosate to 2,4-D is about 20:1 to about 100:1; more preferably, about20:1 to about 50:1; particularly, about 25:1 to about 50:1. In yet afurther embodiment, preferably, the weight ratio of glyphosate todicamba is about 40:1 to about 200:1; more preferably, about 40:1 toabout 100:1; particularly, about 50:1 to about 100:1.

In another embodiment of the invention, the glyphosate in the glyphosateand auxin herbicide compositions is present in an amount of at leastabout 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 275, 300, 325, 350, 375,400, 425, 450, 475, 480, 500, 525, 550, 575, 580 or 600 g a.e./L.

In another embodiment, the glyphosate (a.e. basis) and auxin herbicidecomponent (a.e. basis) are present in compositions of the invention in aweight ratio of at least 33:1, 34:1, 35:1, 36:1, 37:1, 38:1, 39:1, 40:1,45:1, 50:1, 55:1, 60:1, 65:1, 70:1, 75:1, 80:1, 85:1, 90:1, 95:1, 100:1,110:1, 120:1, 130:1, 140:1, 150:1, 160:1, 170:1, 180:1, 190:1 or 200:1.In another embodiment, the glyphosate (a.e. basis) and auxin herbicidecomponent (a.e. basis) are present in a weight ratio of from about 40:1to about 200:1, from about 50:1 to about 200:1, from about 60:1 to about200:1, from about 50:1 to about 150:1, from about 50:1 to about 100:1 orfrom 32:1 to about 50:1.

In another embodiment, the glyphosate (a.e. basis) and auxin herbicidecomponent (a.e. basis) are present in compositions of the invention in aweight ratio of at least about 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1, 15:1,20:1, 25:1, 30:1, 35:1, 40:1, 45:1, 50:1, 55:1, 60:1, 65:1, 70:1, 75:1,80:1, 85:1, 90:1, 95:1, 100:1, 110:1, 120:1, 130:1, 140:1, 150:1, 160:1,170:1, 180:1, 190:1 or 200:1. Preferably, the glyphosate is present inan amount of at least 65 g a.e./L. In one embodiment, the glyphosateconcentration is between 360 and 445 g a.e./L, and the glyphosate (a.e.basis) and auxin herbicide component (a.e. basis) are present in aweight ratio of about 5:1 to about 50:1, about 5:1 to about 40:1, orabout 8:1 to about 36:1. In a second embodiment, the glyphosateconcentration is between 445 and 480 g a.e./L, and the glyphosate (a.e.basis) and auxin herbicide component (a.e. basis) are present in aweight ratio of about 41:1, 42:1, 43:1, 44:1, 45:1, 46:1, 47:1, 48:1,49:1, 50:1, 51:1, 52:1, 53:1, 54:1, 55:1, 56:1, 57:1, 58:1, 59:1, 60:1,61:1, 62:1, 63:1, 64:1, or 65:1. In a third embodiment, the glyphosateconcentration is between 360 and 525 g a.e./L, and the glyphosate (a.e.basis) and auxin herbicide component (a.e. basis) are present in aweight ratio of about 8:1 to about 80:1 or about 25:1 to about 56:1. Ina fourth embodiment, the glyphosate concentration is at least 480 ga.e./L, and the glyphosate (a.e. basis) and auxin herbicide component(a.e. basis) are present in a weight ratio of about 25:1 to about 80:1,about 50:1 to about 80:1, about 63:1 to about 80:1, or about 25:1 toabout 52:1.

The selection of application rates that are herbicidally effective for acomposition of the invention is within the skill of the ordinaryagricultural scientist. Those of skill in the art will likewiserecognize that individual plant conditions, weather and growingconditions, as well as the specific active ingredients and their weightratio in the composition, will influence the degree of herbicidaleffectiveness achieved in practicing this invention. Typical applicationrates of the glyphosate and auxin herbicide compositions of the presentinvention can be determined from the label of each commerciallyavailable herbicide for a particular weed species. In general, theapplication rate of glyphosate is about 340 grams per acre. A personskilled in the art would understand that when the weed growth is heavyor dense or where weeds are growing in an undisturbed area, a higherapplication rate may be necessary to achieve acceptable weed control. Inaddition, for difficult-to-control weeds, a higher application rate maybe necessary for adequate weed control.

The potassium glyphosate and auxin herbicide composition of the presentinvention is useful in controlling a variety of broadleaf weeds. Theseweeds include Velvetleaf, Redroot Pigweed, Pigweed Species, TallWaterhemp, Giant Ragweed, Indian Mustard, Sicklepod, Lambsquarters, WildPoinsettia, Common Mallow, Hemp Sesbania, Prickly Sida, Wild Mustard,Morningglory (Brazil), Morningglory, Ivyleaf Morningglory, PittedMorningglory, Buckwheat, Cutleaf Evening Primrose, Curly Dock, CommonChickweed, Common Dayflower and Tropical Spiderwort.

Also provided by the present invention is a method of killing orcontrolling weeds or unwanted vegetation comprising diluting with asuitable volume of water a herbicidally effective amount of acomposition as provided herein to form an application mixture, andapplying the application mixture to foliage of the weeds or unwantedvegetation. If desired, the user can mix one or more adjuvants with acomposition of the invention and the water of dilution when preparingthe application composition. Such adjuvants can include additionalsurfactant and/or an inorganic salt such as ammonium sulfate with theaim of further enhancing herbicidal efficacy. However, under mostconditions a herbicidal method of use of the present invention givesacceptable efficacy in the absence of such adjuvants.

In a particular contemplated method of use of a composition of theinvention, the composition, following dilution in water, is applied tofoliage of crop plants genetically transformed or selected to tolerateglyphosate, and simultaneously to foliage of weeds or undesired plantsgrowing in close proximity to such crop plants. This method of useresults in control of the weeds or undesired plants while leaving thecrop plants substantially unharmed. Crop plants genetically transformedor selected to tolerate glyphosate include those whose seeds are sold byMonsanto Company or under license from Monsanto Company bearing theRoundup Ready® trademark. These include varieties of wheat, turfgrass,and corn.

Plant treatment compositions can be prepared simply by diluting aconcentrate composition of the invention in water. Application of planttreatment compositions to foliage is preferably accomplished byspraying, using any conventional means for spraying liquids, such asspray nozzles, atomizers or the like. Compositions of the invention canbe used in precision farming techniques, in which apparatus is employedto vary the amount of pesticide applied to different parts of a field,depending on variables such as the particular plant species present,soil composition, etc. In one embodiment of such techniques, a globalpositioning system operated with the spraying apparatus can be used toapply the desired amount of the composition to different parts of afield.

A plant treatment composition is preferably dilute enough to be readilysprayed using standard agricultural spray equipment. Useful sprayvolumes for the present invention can range from about 10 to about 1000liters per hectare (l/ha) or higher, by spray application.

High Load

In a further embodiment, the glyphosate and auxin herbicide compositionsmay contain about 300 to about 600 g a.e./L of glyphosate, predominantlyin the form of the potassium salt thereof. For these compositions, thebalance of the glyphosate component is made up of agriculturallyacceptable salts including the isopropylamine, monoethanolamine,n-propylamine, methylamine, ethylamine, ammonium, diammonium,hexamethylenediamine, dimethylamine or trimethylsulfonium salts. Inanother embodiment, preferably, the glyphosate and auxin herbicidecompositions may contain about 450 to about 600 g a.e./L of glyphosate,predominantly in the form of the potassium salt thereof. In general, asthe concentration of glyphosate is increased in the composition, theconcentration of the auxin herbicide may be decreased to achieveacceptable weed control. Typically, for potassium glyphosate and auxinherbicide compositions containing about 450 to about 600 g a.e./L ofglyphosate, the weight ratio of the glyphosate to the auxin herbicide isabout 25:1 to about 100:1. In particular, for potassium glyphosate and2,4-D compositions containing about 540 to about 600 g a.e./L ofglyphosate, the weight ratio of the glyphosate to 2,4-D is about 25:1 toabout 50:1.

In another embodiment, the glyphosate and auxin herbicide compositionsmay contain about 360 to about 600 g a.e./L of glyphosate, predominantlyin the form of the isopropylamine salt thereof. For these compositions,the balance of the glyphosate component is made up of agriculturallyacceptable salts including the monoethanolamine, n-propylamine,methylamine, ethylamine, ammonium, diammonium, potassium,hexamethylenediamine, dimethylamine or trimethylsulfonium salts. Inanother embodiment, preferably, the glyphosate and auxin herbicidecompositions may contain about 360 to about 450 g a.e./L of glyphosate,predominantly in the form of the isopropylamine salt thereof. Ingeneral, as the concentration of glyphosate is increased in thecomposition, the concentration of the auxin herbicide may be decreasedto achieve acceptable weed control. Typically, for isopropylamineglyphosate and auxin herbicide compositions containing about 360 toabout 450 g a.e./L of glyphosate, the weight ratio of the glyphosate tothe auxin herbicide is about 10:1 to about 20:1. In one embodiment, theglyphosate is present in an amount of at least about 370, 380, 390, 400,410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 475, 480, 500, 525, 550, 575, 580 or 600 ga.e./L, and the glyphosate (a.e. basis) and auxin herbicide component(a.e. basis) are present in a weight ratio of at least 9.5:1, 9.6:1,9.7:1, 9.8:1, 9.9:1, 10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1,18:1, 19:1, or 20:1. In a second embodiment, the glyphosate is presentin an amount of from about 400 to about 600, from about 420 to about600, from about 430 to about 600, from about 440 to about 600, fromabout 450 to about 600, or from about 480 to about 600 g a.e./L, and theglyphosate (a.e. basis) and auxin herbicide component (a.e. basis) arepresent in a weight ratio of at least 9.5:1, 9.6:1, 9.7:1, 9.8:1, 9.9:1,10:1, 11:1, 12:1, 13:1, 14:1, 15:1, 16:1, 17:1, 18:1, 19:1, or 20:1.

Surfactants

Surfactants and cosurfactants effective in formulating glyphosate, suchas potassium or isopropylamine glyphosate, with auxin herbicides includecationic, nonionic, anionic, and amphoteric surfactants andcosurfactants as described below and mixtures thereof, wherein thesurfactant component is present in an amount of at least about 5 wt. %based on the total weight of the composition.

Cationic surfactants and cosurfactants effective in such glyphosateformulations include:

(a) a secondary or tertiary amine having the formula:

wherein R¹ is hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, and R²and R³ are hydrogen or hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 30 carbonatoms. In this context, preferred R¹, R², and R³ hydrocarbyl groups arelinear or branched alkyl, linear or branched alkenyl, linear or branchedalkynyl, aryl, or aralkyl groups. Preferably, R¹ is a linear or branchedalkyl or linear or branched alkenyl group having from about 8 to about30 carbon atoms, and R² and R³ are independently hydrogen or a linear orbranched alkyl or linear or branched alkenyl group having from 1 toabout 6 carbon atoms. More preferably, R¹ is a linear or branched alkylor alkenyl group having from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and R²and R³ are independently hydrogen, methyl or ethyl. In one embodiment ofthe amine of formula (1), R¹ is a linear or branched alkyl group havingfrom about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and R² and R³ are independentlylinear or branched hydroxyalkyl groups having from 1 to about 6 carbonatoms.

(b) dialkoxylated quaternary ammonium salt having the formula:

wherein R¹¹ is hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl having from 1 toabout 30 carbon atoms, R¹² in each of the (R¹²O)_(x) and (R¹²O)_(Y)groups is independently C₂-C₄ alkylene, R¹³ is hydrogen, or a linear orbranched alkyl group having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, R¹⁴hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 30 carbonatoms, x and y are independently an average number from 1 to about 40,and X⁻ is an agriculturally acceptable anion. In this context, preferredR¹¹ and R¹⁴ hydrocarbyl groups are linear or branched alkyl, linear orbranched alkenyl, linear or branched alkynyl, aryl, or aralkyl groups.Preferably, R¹¹ and R¹⁴ are independently a linear or branched alkyl orlinear or branched alkenyl group having from 1 to about 25 carbon atoms,R¹² in each of the (R¹²O)_(x) and (R¹²O)_(y) groups is independentlyC₂-C₄ alkylene, R¹³ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and the sum of x and yis an average number from about 2 to about 30. More preferably, R¹¹ andR¹⁴ are independently a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 toabout 22 carbon atoms, R¹² in each of the (R¹²O)_(x) and (R¹²O)_(y)groups is independently ethylene or propylene, R¹³ is hydrogen ormethyl, and the sum of x and y is an average number from about 2 toabout 20. Even more preferably, R¹¹ is a linear or branched alkyl grouphaving from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and R¹⁴ is a linear orbranched alkyl group having from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms, R¹² in eachof the (R¹²O)_(x) and (R¹²O)_(y) groups is independently ethylene orpropylene, R¹³ is hydrogen or methyl, and x is an average number fromabout 2 to about 20. Most preferably, R¹¹ is a linear or branched alkylgroup having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and R¹⁴ is a linearor branched alkyl group having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, R¹² ineach of the (R¹²O)_(x) and (R¹²O)_(y) groups is independently ethyleneor propylene, R¹³ is hydrogen or methyl, and x is an average number fromabout 2 to about 15, or R¹¹ and R¹⁴ are independently a linear orbranched alkyl group having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, R¹²in each of the (R¹²O)_(x) and (R¹²O)_(y) groups is independentlyethylene or propylene, R¹³ is hydrogen or methyl, and x is an averagenumber from about 5 to about 15. Preferred dialkoxylated quaternaryammonium surfactants include Ethoquad™ C12 (a PEG 2 coco methyl ammoniumchloride from Akzo Nobel), PEG 5 coco methyl ammonium chloride, PEG 5tallow methyl ammonium chloride, PEG 5 ditallow ammonium bromide, andPEG 10 ditallow ammonium bromide.

(c) monoalkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts having the formula:

wherein R²¹ and R²⁵ are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl orsubstituted hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, R²⁴ ishydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 30 carbonatoms, R²² in each of the (R²²O)_(x) groups is independently C₂-C₄alkylene, R²³ is hydrogen, or a linear or branched alkyl group havingfrom 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, x² is an average number from 1 to about60, and X⁻ is an agriculturally acceptable anion. In this context,preferred R²¹, R²⁴, and R²⁵ hydrocarbyl groups are linear or branchedalkyl, linear or branched alkenyl, linear or branched alkynyl, aryl, oraralkyl groups. Preferably, R²¹, R²⁴ and R²⁵ are independently a linearor branched alkyl or linear or branched alkenyl group having from 1 toabout 25 carbon atoms, R²² in each of the (R²²O)_(x2) groups isindependently C₂-C₄ alkylene, R²³ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and x²is an average number from 1 to about 40. More preferably, R²¹, R²⁴ andR²⁵ are independently a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 toabout 22 carbon atoms, R²² in each of the (R²²O)_(x2) groups isindependently ethylene or propylene, R²³ is hydrogen or methyl, and x²is an average number from 1 to about 30. Even more preferably, R²¹ is alinear or branched alkyl group having from about 8 to about 22 carbonatoms, R²² in each of the (R²²O)_(x2) groups is independently ethyleneor propylene, R²³ is hydrogen or methyl, R²⁴ and R²⁵ are independently alinear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms,and x² is an average number from 1 to about 30. Even more preferably,R²¹ is a linear or branched alkyl group having from about 8 to about 22carbon atoms, R²² in each of the (R²²O)_(x2) groups is independentlyethylene or propylene, R²³ is hydrogen or methyl, R²⁴ and R²⁵ areindependently a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to about 6carbon atoms, and x² is an average number from about 5 to about 25. Mostpreferably, R²¹ is a linear or branched alkyl group having from about 16to about 22 carbon atoms, R²² in each of the (R²²O)_(x2) groups isindependently ethylene or propylene, R²³ is hydrogen or methyl, R²⁴ andR²⁵ are independently a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 toabout 3 carbon atoms, and x² is an average number from about 5 to about25. Preferred monoalkoxylated quaternary ammonium surfactants includePEG 7 C₁₈ dimethyl ammonium chloride and PEG 22 C₁₈ dimethyl ammoniumchloride.

(d) quaternary ammonium salts having the formula:

wherein R³¹, R³³ and R³⁴ are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl orsubstituted hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, R³² ishydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 30 carbonatoms, and X⁻ is an agriculturally acceptable anion. In this context,preferred R³¹, R³², R³³, and R³⁴ hydrocarbyl groups are linear orbranched alkyl, linear or branched alkenyl, linear or branched alkynyl,aryl, or aralkyl groups. Preferably, R³¹ is a linear or branched alkylor linear or branched alkenyl group having from about 8 to about 30carbon atoms, and R³², R³³ and R³⁴ are independently a linear orbranched alkyl or linear or branched alkenyl group having from 1 toabout 30 carbon atoms. More preferably, R³¹ is a linear or branchedalkyl or linear or branched alkenyl group having from about 8 to about22 carbon atoms, and R³², R³³ and R³⁴ are independently a linear orbranched alkyl or linear or branched alkenyl group having from 1 toabout 6 carbon atoms. Even more preferably, R³¹ is a linear or branchedalkyl group having from about 8 to about 16 carbon atoms, and R³², R³³and R³⁴ are independently a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1to about 6 carbon atoms. Most preferably, R³¹ is a linear or branchedalkyl group having from about 8 to about 14 carbon atoms, and R³², R³³and R³⁴ are methyl. Preferred commercially available quaternary ammoniumsurfactants include Arquad™ C-50 (a dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloridefrom Akzo Nobel) and Arquad™ T-50 (a tallow trimethyl ammonium chloridefrom Akzo Nobel).

(e) ether amines having the formula:

wherein R⁴¹ is hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl having from 1 toabout 30 carbon atoms; R⁴² is hydrocarbylene or substitutedhydrocarbylene having from 2 to about 30 carbon atoms; R⁴³ and R⁴⁴ areindependently hydrogen, hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl havingfrom 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, or —(R⁴⁵O)_(x) ⁴R⁴⁶, R⁴⁵ in each of the(R⁴⁵O)_(x) ⁴ groups is independently C₂-C₄ alkylene, R⁴⁶ is hydrogen, ora linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms,and x⁴ is an average number from 1 to about 50. In this context,preferred R⁴¹, R⁴², R⁴³, and R⁴⁴ hydrocarbyl (hydrocarbylene) groups arelinear or branched alkyl (alkylene), linear or branched alkenyl(alkenylene), linear or branched alkynyl (alkynylene), aryl (arylene),or aralkyl (aralkylene) groups. Preferably, R⁴¹ is a linear or branchedalkyl, linear or branched alkenyl, linear or branched alkynyl, aryl, oraralkyl group having from 8 to about 25 carbon atoms, R⁴² is a linear orbranched alkylene or alkenylene group having from 2 to about 30 carbonatoms, R⁴³ and R⁴⁴ are independently hydrogen, a linear or branchedalkyl, linear or branched alkenyl, linear or branched alkynyl, aryl, oraralkyl group having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, or —(R⁴⁵O)_(x)⁴R⁴⁶, R⁴⁵ in each of the (R⁴⁵O)_(x) ⁴ groups is independently C₂-C₄alkylene, R⁴⁶ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and x⁴ is an average numberfrom 1 to about 30. More preferably, R⁴¹ is a linear or branched alkylor alkenyl group having from 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, R⁴² is a linearor branched alkylene or alkenylene group having from 2 to about 6 carbonatoms, R⁴³ and R⁴⁴ are independently hydrogen, a linear or branchedalkyl or alkenyl group having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, or—(R⁴⁵O)_(x) ⁴R⁴⁶, R⁴⁵ in each of the (R⁴⁵O)_(x) ⁴ groups isindependently ethylene or propylene, R⁴⁶ is hydrogen or methyl, and x⁴is an average number from 1 to about 15. Most preferably, R⁴¹ is alinear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having from 8 to about 18carbon atoms, R⁴² is ethylene or propylene, R³ and R⁴ are independentlyhydrogen, methyl, or —(R⁴⁵O)_(x) ⁴R⁴⁶, R⁴⁵ in each of the (R⁴⁵O)_(x) ⁴groups is independently ethylene or propylene, R⁴⁶ is hydrogen, and x⁴is an average number from 1 to about 5.

(f) amine oxides having the formula:

wherein R⁵¹, R⁵² and R⁵³ are independently hydrogen, hydrocarbyl orsubstituted hydrocarbyl, —(R⁵⁴O)_(x) ⁵R⁵⁵, or —R⁵⁶(OR⁵⁴)_(x) ⁵OR⁵⁵, R⁵⁴in each of the x⁵ (R⁵⁴O) groups is independently C₂-C₄ alkylene, R⁵⁵ ishydrogen, or a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to about 30carbon atoms, R⁵⁶ is hydrocarbylene or substituted hydrocarbylene havingfrom 2 to about 6 carbon atoms, x⁵ is an average number from 1 to about50, and the total number of carbon atoms in R⁵¹, R⁵² and R⁵³ is at least8. In this context, preferred R⁵¹, R⁵², R⁵³, and R⁵⁶ hydrocarbyl(hydrocarbylene) groups are linear or branched alkyl (alkylene), linearor branched alkenyl (alkenylene), linear or branched alkynyl(alkynylene), aryl (arylene), or aralkyl (aralkylene) groups.Preferably, R⁵¹ and R⁵² are independently hydrogen, a linear or branchedalkyl or linear or branched alkenyl group having from 1 to about 30carbon atoms, or —(R⁵⁴O)_(x) ⁵R⁵⁵, R⁵³ is a linear or branched alkyl orlinear or branched alkenyl group having from about 8 to about 30 carbonatoms, R⁵⁴ in each of the (R⁵⁴O)_(x) ⁵ groups is independently C₂-C₄alkylene; R⁵⁵ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and x⁵ is an average numberfrom 1 to about 30. More preferably, R⁵¹ and R⁵² are independentlyhydrogen, or a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to about 6carbon atoms, and R⁵³ is a linear or branched alkyl group having fromabout 8 to about 22 carbon atoms; or R⁵¹ and R⁵² are independently—(R⁵⁴O)_(x) ⁵R⁵⁵, R⁵³ is a linear or branched alkyl group having fromabout 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, R⁵⁴ in each of the (R⁵⁴O)_(x) ⁵ groupsis ethylene or propylene, R⁵⁵ is hydrogen or methyl, and x⁵ is anaverage number from 1 to about 10. Most preferably, R⁵¹ and R⁵² areindependently methyl, and R⁵³ is a linear or branched alkyl group havingfrom about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms; or R⁵¹ and R⁵² are independently—(R⁵⁴O)_(x) ⁵R⁵⁵, R⁵³ is a linear or branched alkyl group having fromabout 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, R⁵⁴ in each of the (R⁵⁴O)_(x) ⁵ groupsis ethylene or propylene, R⁵⁵ is hydrogen, and x⁵ is an average numberfrom 1 to about 5. Commercially available amine oxide surfactantsinclude Chemoxide L70.

(g) dialkoxylated amines having the formula:

wherein R⁶¹ is a linear or branched alkyl, linear or branched alkenyl,linear or branched alkynyl, aryl, or aralkyl group having from about 6to about 30 carbon atoms, R⁶² in each of the (R⁶²O)_(x6) and the(R⁶²O)_(y6) groups is independently C₂-C₄ alkylene, R⁶³ is hydrogen, ora linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to about 4 carbon atomsand x⁶ and y⁶ are independently an average number from 1 to about 40.Preferably, R⁶¹ is a linear or branched alkyl or linear or branchedalkenyl group having from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, R⁶² in eachof the (R⁶²O)_(x6) and the (R⁶²O)_(y6) groups is independently C₂-C₄alkylene, R⁶³ is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and x⁶ and y⁶ areindependently an average number from 1 to about 20. More preferably, R⁶¹is a linear or branched alkyl group having from about 8 to about 25carbon atoms, R⁶² in each of the (R⁶²O)_(x6) and the (R⁶²O)_(y6) groupsis independently ethylene or propylene, R⁶³ is hydrogen or methyl, and xand y are independently an average number from 1 to about 10. Even morepreferably, R⁶¹ is a linear or branched alkyl group having from about 8to about 22 carbon atoms, R⁶² in each of the (R⁶²O)_(x6) and the(R⁶²O)_(y6) groups is independently ethylene or propylene, R⁶³ ishydrogen or methyl, and x⁶ and y⁶ are independently an average numberfrom 1 to about 5. Preferred commercially available dialkoxylated aminesinclude Trymeen™ 6617 (from Cognis), Ethomeen™ C/12, C/15, C/20, C/25,T/12, T/15, T/20 and T/25 (from Akzo Nobel), and Genamin™ T-200 DG andT-200 NF (from Clariant).

(h) aminated alkoxylated alcohols having the following chemicalstructure:

wherein R⁷¹ is hydrogen or hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl havingfrom 1 to about 30 carbon atoms; R⁷² in each of the (R⁷²O)_(x7) and(R⁷²O)_(y7) groups is independently C₂-C₄ alkylene; R⁷³ ishydrocarbylene or substituted hydrocarbylene having from 2 to about 30carbon atoms; R⁷⁴ and R⁷⁵ are each independently hydrogen, hydrocarbylor substituted hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms,—(R⁷⁶)_(n) ⁷—(R⁷²O)_(y) ⁷R⁷⁷, or R⁷⁴ and R⁷⁵, together with the nitrogenatom to which they are attached, form a cyclic or heterocyclic ring; R⁷⁶is hydrocarbylene or substituted hydrocarbylene having from 1 to about30 carbon atoms; R⁷⁷ is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl grouphaving 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, n⁷ is 0 or 1, x⁷ and y⁷ areindependently an average number from 1 to about 60. In this context,preferred R⁷¹, R⁷³, R⁷⁴, R⁷⁵, and R⁷⁶ hydrocarbyl (hydrocarbylene)groups are linear or branched alkyl (alkylene), linear or branchedalkenyl (alkenylene), linear or branched alkynyl (alkynylene), aryl(arylene), or aralkyl (aralkylene) groups. Preferably, R⁷¹ is a linearor branched alkyl or linear or branched alkenyl group having from about8 to about 25 carbon atoms, R⁷² in each of the (R⁷²O)_(x7) groups isindependently C₂-C₄ alkylene, R⁷³ is a linear or branched alkylene grouphaving from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, R⁷⁴ and R⁷⁵ are eachindependently hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1to about 6 carbon atoms, and x⁷ is an average number from 1 to about 30.More preferably, R⁷¹ is a linear or branched alkyl group having fromabout 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, R⁷² in each of the (R⁷²O)_(x7) groupsis independently ethylene or propylene, R⁷³ is a linear or branchedalkylene group having from 2 to about 6 carbon atoms, R⁷⁴ and R⁷⁵ areeach independently hydrogen, methyl, or tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl, andx⁷ is an average number from about 2 to about 30. Even more preferably,R⁷¹ is a linear or branched alkyl group having from about 12 to about 18carbon atoms, R⁷² in each of the (R⁷²O)_(x7) groups is independentlyethylene or propylene, R⁷³ is ethylene or propylene, R⁷⁴ and R⁷⁵ areeach independently hydrogen, methyl or tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl, and x⁷is an average number from about 4 to about 20. Most preferably, R⁷¹ is alinear or branched alkyl group having from about 12 to about 18 carbonatoms, R⁷² in each of the (R⁷²O)_(x7) groups is independently ethyleneor propylene, R⁷³ is ethylene, R⁷⁴ and R⁷⁵ are methyl, and x⁷ is anaverage number from about 4 to about 20. Preferred monoalkoxylatedamines include PEG 13 or 18 C₁₄₋₁₅ ether propylamines and PEG 7, 10, 15or 20 C₁6-18 ether propylamines (from Tomah) and PEG 13 or 18 C₁₄₋₁₅ether dimethyl propylamines and PEG 10, 15 or 20 or 25 C₁₆-18 etherdimethyl propylamines (from Tomah) and Surfonic™ AGM-550 from Huntsman.

Preferred anionic surfactants effective in forming potassium glyphosateformulations include:

(i) alkyl alkoxylated phosphates having the formula:

wherein R⁸¹ and R⁸³ are independently a linear or branched alkyl, linearor branched alkenyl, linear or branched alkynyl, aryl, or aralkyl grouphaving from about 4 to about 30 carbon atoms; R⁸² in each of the(R⁸²O)_(m) and the (R⁸²O)_(n) groups is independently C₂-C₄ alkylene;and m and n are independently from 1 to about 30.

(j) alkyl alkoxylated phosphates having the formula:

wherein R⁹¹ is a linear or branched alkyl, linear or branched alkenyl,linear or branched alkynyl, aryl, or aralkyl group having from about 8to about 30 carbon atoms; R⁹² in each of the (R⁹²O)_(a) groups isindependently C₂-C₄ alkylene; and a is from 1 to about 30.Representative alkyl alkoxylated phosphates include oleth-10 phosphate,oleth-20 phosphate and oleth-25 phosphate.

In addition, nonionic surfactants or cosurfactants effective in suchglyphosate formulations include:

(k) alkylpolyglycoside surfactants having the formula:[R¹⁰¹-(R¹⁰⁴)_(q)-(sug)_(u)OH]_(v)  (11)where R¹⁰¹ is hydrogen or C₁₋₁₈ hydrocarbyl, R¹⁰⁴ is hydrogen or C₁₋₄hydrocarbyl, q is 0 or 1, sug is (i) an open or cyclic structure derivedfrom sugars, such as, for example, glucose or sucrose (referred toherein as a sugar unit), or (ii) a hydroxyalkyl, polyhydroxyalkyl orpoly(hydroxyalkyl)alkyl group, u is an average number from 1 to about 2,and v is an integer from 1 to 3. This group includes several commercialsurfactants collectively known in the art or referred to herein as“alkyl polyglucosides” or “APGs”. Suitable examples are sold by Henkelas Agrimul™ PG-2069, Agrimul™ PG-2076 and Agrimul™ PG-2067.

(l) polysiloxane surfactants having the formula:

wherein R¹ is —C_(n)H_(2n)O(CH₂CH₂O)_(m)(CH₂CH(CH₃)O)_(q)X, n is 0 to 6,a is 0 to about 100, b is 0 to about 10, m is 0 to about 30, q is 0 toabout 30, X is hydrogen or a C₁₋₂₀ hydrocarbyl or C₂₋₆ acyl group, andR², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹ and R¹⁰ groups are independentlysubstituted or unsubstituted C₁₋₂₀ hydrocarbyl or nitrogen containinggroups. Generally, in preferred embodiments, n is 0 to 6, a is 1 toabout 30, b is 0 to about 10, m is 0 to about 30, q is 0 to about 3, Xis hydrogen or a C₁₋₆ hydrocarbyl or C₂₋₆ acyl group, and R², R³, R⁴,R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹ and R¹⁰ groups are independently substituted orunsubstituted C₁₋₄ hydrocarbyl or nitrogen containing groups. In onepreferred embodiment, the polysiloxane is a polyoxyethylene heptamethyltrisiloxane wherein R¹ is —C_(n)H_(2n)O(CH₂CH₂O)_(m)(CH₂CH(CH₃)O)_(q)X,n is 3 or 4, a is 1, b is 0, m is 1 to about 30, q is 0, X is hydrogenor a methyl, ethyl or acetyl group, and R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹and R¹⁰ groups are independently substituted or unsubstituted C₁₋₄hydrocarbyl or nitrogen containing groups. In another preferredembodiment, a is 1 to 5, b is 0 to 10, n is 3 or 4, m is 1 to about 30,q is 0, X is hydrogen or a methyl, ethyl or acetyl group, and R², R³,R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹ and R¹⁰ are methyl groups. In another preferredembodiment, a is 1 to 5, b is 0 to 10, n is 3 or 4, m is 4 to 12, q is0, X is hydrogen or a methyl or acetyl group, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷,R⁸, R⁹ and R¹⁰ are methyl groups. In a more preferred embodiment, a is1, b is 0, n is 3 or 4, m is 1 to about 30, b is 0, X is hydrogen or amethyl, ethyl or acetyl group, and R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, R⁹ andR¹⁰ are methyl groups. In a further preferred embodiment, a is 1, b is0, n is 3, m is 8, b is 0, X is methyl and R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸,R⁹ and R¹⁰ are methyl groups. Trisiloxanes of the above formula aregenerally described in product literature of Crompton Corporation and inU.S. Pat. No. 3,505,377. Several of such trisiloxanes are ethoxylatedorganosilicone wetting agents available from Crompton Corporation asSilwet® silicone glycol copolymers. Both liquid organosilicones and dryorganosilicones can be used in the surfactant composition; both areincluded within the scope of the invention. More preferred trisiloxanesare those sold commercially in the United States or elsewhere byCrompton Corporation as Silwet® L-77, Silwet® 408 and Silwet® 800, byDow-Corning as Sylgard® 309, by Exacto, Inc., as Qwikwet® 100, and byGoldschmidt as Breakthru S-240. In the most preferred polyoxyethyleneheptamethyl trisiloxanes, R² is hydrogen.

Additionally, it has been found that the addition of a C₄ to C₁₆ alkylor aryl amine compound, or the corresponding quaternary ammoniumcompound, greatly enhances the compatibility of certain glyphosate salts(e.g., potassium or isopropylamine) with surfactants that otherwiseexhibit low or marginal compatibility at a given glyphosate loading.Suitable alkyl or aryl amine compounds may also contain 0 to about 5 EOgroups. Preferred alkylamine compounds include C₆ to C₁₂ alkylamineshaving 0 to 2 EO groups. Similarly, etheramine compounds having 4 to 12carbons and 0 to about 5 EO groups, as well as the correspondingquaternary ammonium compounds, also enhance the compatibility of suchformulations. In one embodiment, the compounds which enhance thecompatibility of such surfactants include:

(m) amines or quaternary ammonium salts having the formula:

wherein R¹¹¹ is linear or branched alkyl or aryl having from about 4 toabout 16 carbon atoms, R¹¹² is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or—(CH₂CH₂O)_(d)H, R¹³ is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or —(CH₂CH₂O)_(e)Hwherein the sum of d and e is not more than about 5; R¹¹⁴ is hydrogen ormethyl; R¹¹⁶ in each of the (R¹¹⁶O)_(c) groups is independently C₂-C₄alkylene; R¹¹⁵ is hydrocarbylene or substituted hydrocarbylene havingfrom 2 to about 6 carbon atoms; and A⁻ is an agriculturally acceptableanion.

In aqueous concentrated formulations of the present invention, the ratio(by weight) of the glyphosate a.e. to the surfactant is typically in therange of from about 1:1 to about 20:1, preferably from about 2:1 toabout 10:1, more preferably from about 2:1 to about 8:1, still morepreferably from about 2:1 to about 6:1, still more preferably from about3:1 to about 6:1, and still more preferably about 4.5:1 to 6:1.

In another embodiment, preferably, the surfactant of the compositions ofthe invention comprises a first surfactant component which includes oneor more surfactants selected from the group consisting of:

(a) ether amines having formula (5) described above in paragraph (e);

(b) dialkoxylated amines having formula (7) described above in paragraph(g); and

(c) aminated alkoxylated alcohols having formula (8) described above inparagraph (h). The most preferred surfactants are those which provide acloud point greater than about 60° C. in a composition having aglyphosate loading of at least about 480 g a.e./l.

In a further embodiment, preferably, the surfactant of the compositionsof the invention comprises a first surfactant component as described indetail above and additionally a second surfactant component whichincludes one or more surfactant(s) selected from the group consistingof:

(a) secondary or tertiary amines having formula (1) described above inparagraph (a);

(b) dialkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts having formula (2) describedabove in paragraph (b);

(c) monoalkoxylated quaternary ammonium salts having formula (3)described above in paragraph (c);

(d) quaternary ammonium salts having formula (4) described above inparagraph (d);

(e) amine oxides having formula (6) described above in paragraph (e);

(f) alkyl alkoxylated phosphates having formula (9) described above inparagraph (i);

(g) alkyl alkoxylated phosphates having formula (10) described above inparagraph (j);

(h) alkylpolyglycosides having formula (11) described above in paragraph(k); and

(i) amines or quaternary ammonium salts having formulae (12)-(15)described above in paragraph (l).

In yet another embodiment, more preferably, the second surfactantcomponent is selected from the group consisting of:

(a) alkylpolyglycosides having formula (11) described above in paragraph(k); and

(b) amines or quaternary ammonium salts having formulae (12)-(15)described above in paragraph (l).

In an embodiment of the invention, the density of the formulation of theinvention is preferably at least 1.210 grams/liter, more preferably atleast about 1.215, 1.220, 1.225, 1.230, 1.235, 1.240, 1.245, 1.250,1.255, 1.260, 1.265, 1.270, 1.275, 1.280, 1.285, 1.290, 1.295, 1.300,1.305, 1.310, 1.315, 1.320, 1.325, 1.330, 1.335, 1.340, 1.345, 1.350,1.355, 1.360, 1.365, 1.370, 1.375, 1.380, 1.385, 1.390, 1.395, 1.400,1.405, 1.410, 1.415, 1.420, 1.425, 1.430, 1.435, 1.440, 1.445, or 1.450grams/liter.

As further discussed herein, other additives, adjuvants, or ingredientsmay be introduced into the formulations of the present invention toimprove certain properties of the resulting formulations. Although theformulations of the present invention generally show good overallstability and viscosity properties without the addition of any furtheradditives, the addition of a solubilizer (also commonly referred to as acloud point enhancer or stabilizer) can significantly improve theproperties of the formulations of the present invention. Suitablesolubilizers for use with the novel formulations of the presentinvention include, for example, cocoamine (Armeen C), dimethylcocoamine(Arquad DMCD), cocoammonium chloride (Arquad C), PEG 2 cocoamine(Ethomeen C12), PEG 5 tallowamine (Ethomeen T15), and PEG 5 cocoamine(Ethomeen C15), all of which are manufactured by Akzo Nobel(California). Additional excipient ingredients may include conventionalformulation additives such as dyes, thickeners, crystallizationinhibitors, antifreeze agents (e.g., glycols, such as ethylene glycol,or polyethylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol 200, 400, 600, 1500,4000 or 6000), foam moderating agents (e.g., Antifoam™ or Y-14088Antifoam™, both available from Crompton Corporation), antidrift agents,compatibilizing agents, antioxidants (e.g., ascorbic acid and sodiumsulfite, in order for example to prevent the formation of anitrosamine), other co-solvents (e.g., N-methylpyrrolidone, DMSO, DMF,propylene carbonate, or ethylene glycol), or some other agent added tolessen or overcome antagonism associated with hard water (e.g., ammoniumsulfate, EDTA or a polymeric water conditioner, such as a polyacrylicacid).

Other components such as solvents and organic acids may be added toenhance concentrate stability. These additives generally function toincrease solubility or dispersability of the surfactants in the aqueouscarrier thus enabling the formulation of robust concentrates exhibitingenhanced thermal and pH stability, reduced viscosity, and highglyphosate loading. Non-limiting examples of water soluble solventsinclude acetates, C₁₋₆ alkanols, C₁₋₆ diols, C₁₋₆ alkyl ethers ofalkylene glycols and polyalkylene glycols, and mixtures thereof. Thealkanol can be selected from methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol,the various positional isomers of butanol, pentanol, and hexanol, andmixtures thereof. It may also be possible to utilize in addition to, orin place of, said alkanols, the diols such as methylene, ethylene,diethylene, propylene, dipropylene, and butylene glycols, and mixturesthereof, and including polyalkylene glycols. These components aregenerally employed in dispersion-effective or solubilizing effectiveamounts. Suitable organic acids include, among others, acetic,dichloroacetic, citric, malic, oxalic, salicylic and tartaric. Effectiveconcentrations of organic acids are generally between about 0.1 wt % and5 wt %.

Although additional herbicides can be included in the compositions ofthe invention other than the glyphosate and auxin herbicides, it ispreferred that the glyphosate and the auxin herbicides are the onlyherbicides in the composition.

Definitions

The terms “hydrocarbon” and “hydrocarbyl” as used herein describeorganic compounds or radicals consisting exclusively of the elementscarbon and hydrogen. These moieties include alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, andaryl moieties. These moieties also include alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, andaryl moieties substituted with other aliphatic or cyclic hydrocarbongroups, such as alkaryl, alkenaryl and alkynaryl. Unless otherwiseindicated, these moieties preferably comprise 1 to 30 carbon atoms.

The term “hydrocarbylene” as used herein describes radicals joined attwo ends thereof to other radicals in an organic compound, and whichconsist exclusively of the elements carbon and hydrogen. These moietiesinclude alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, and arylene moieties. Thesemoieties also include alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and aryl moietiessubstituted with other aliphatic or cyclic hydrocarbon groups, such asalkaryl, alkenaryl and alkynaryl. Unless otherwise indicated, thesemoieties preferably comprise 1 to 30 carbon atoms.

The “substituted hydrocarbyl” moieties described herein are hydrocarbylmoieties which are substituted with at least one atom other than carbon,including moieties in which a carbon chain atom is substituted with ahetero atom such as nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, phosphorous, boron,sulfur, or a halogen atom. These substituents include halogen,heterocyclo, alkoxy, alkenoxy, alkynoxy, aryloxy, hydroxy, protectedhydroxy, ketal, acyl, acyloxy, nitro, amino, amido, cyano, thiol,acetal, sulfoxide, ester, thioester, ether, thioether, hydroxyalkyl,urea, guanidine, amidine, phosphate, amine oxide, and quaternaryammonium salt.

The “substituted hydrocarbylene” moieties described herein arehydrocarbylene moieties which are substituted with at least one atomother than carbon, including moieties in which a carbon chain atom issubstituted with a hetero atom such as nitrogen, oxygen, silicon,phosphorous, boron, sulfur, or a halogen atom. These substituentsinclude halogen, heterocyclo, alkoxy, alkenoxy, alkynoxy, aryloxy,hydroxy, protected hydroxy, ketal, acyl, acyloxy, nitro, amino, amido,cyano, thiol, acetal, sulfoxide, ester, thioester, ether, thioether,hydroxyalkyl, urea, guanidine, amidine, phosphate, amine oxide, andquaternary ammonium salt.

Unless otherwise indicated, the alkyl groups described herein arepreferably lower alkyl containing from one to 18 carbon atoms in theprincipal chain and up to 30 carbon atoms. They may be straight orbranched chain or cyclic and include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl,n-butyl, isobutyl, hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, and the like.

Unless otherwise indicated, the alkenyl groups described herein arepreferably lower alkenyl containing from two to 18 carbon atoms in theprincipal chain and up to 30 carbon atoms. They may be straight orbranched chain or cyclic and include ethenyl, propenyl, isopropenyl,butenyl, isobutenyl, hexenyl, and the like.

Unless otherwise indicated, the alkynyl groups described herein arepreferably lower alkynyl containing from two to 18 carbon atoms in theprincipal chain and up to 30 carbon atoms. They may be straight orbranched chain and include ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, isobutynyl,hexynyl, and the like.

The terms “aryl” as used herein alone or as part of another group denoteoptionally substituted homocyclic aromatic groups, preferably monocyclicor bicyclic groups containing from 6 to 12 carbons in the ring portion,such as phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, substituted phenyl, substitutedbiphenyl or substituted naphthyl. Phenyl and substituted phenyl are themore preferred aryl.

The term “aralkyl” as used herein denotes a group containing both alkyland aryl structures such as benzyl.

As used herein, the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl and aralkyl groups canbe substituted with at least one atom other than carbon, includingmoieties in which a carbon chain atom is substituted with a hetero atomsuch as nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, phosphorous, boron, sulfur, or ahalogen atom. These substituents include hydroxy, nitro, amino, amido,nitro, cyano, sulfoxide, thiol, thioester, thioether, ester and ether,or any other substituent which can increase the compatibility of thesurfactant and/or its efficacy enhancement in the potassium glyphosateformulation without adversely affecting the storage stability of theformulation.

The terms “halogen” or “halo” as used herein alone or as part of anothergroup refer to chlorine, bromine, fluorine, and iodine. Fluorinesubstituents are often preferred in surfactant compounds.

Unless otherwise indicated, the term “hydroxyalkyl” includes alkylgroups substituted with at least one hydroxy group, and includesbis(hydroxyalkyl)alkyl, tris(hydroxyalkyl)alkyl andpoly(hydroxyalkyl)alkyl groups. Preferred hydroxyalkyl groups includehydroxymethyl (—CH₂OH), and hydroxyethyl (—C₂H₄OH),bis(hydroxymethyl)methyl (—CH(CH₂OH)₂), and tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl(—C(CH₂OH)₃).

The term “cyclic” as used herein alone or as part of another groupdenotes a group having at least one closed ring, and includes alicyclic,aromatic (arene) and heterocyclic groups.

The terms “heterocyclo” or “heterocyclic” as used herein alone or aspart of another group denote optionally substituted, fully saturated orunsaturated, monocyclic or bicyclic, aromatic or nonaromatic groupshaving at least one heteroatom in at least one ring, and preferably 5 or6 atoms in each ring. The heterocyclo group preferably has 1 or 2 oxygenatoms, 1 or 2 sulfur atoms, and/or 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms in the ring,and may be bonded to the remainder of the molecule through a carbon orheteroatom. Exemplary heterocyclo include heteroaromatics such as furyl,thienyl, pyridyl, oxazolyl, pyrrolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, orisoquinolinyl and the like, and non-aromatic heterocyclics such astetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidino, etc.Exemplary substituents include one or more of the following groups:hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, keto, hydroxy, protected hydroxy,acyl, acyloxy, alkoxy, alkenoxy, alkynoxy, aryloxy, halogen, amido,amino, nitro, cyano, thiol, thioester, thioether, ketal, acetal, esterand ether.

The term “heteroaromatic” as used herein alone or as part of anothergroup denote optionally substituted aromatic groups having at least oneheteroatom in at least one ring, and preferably 5 or 6 atoms in eachring. The heteroaromatic group preferably has 1 or 2 oxygen atoms, 1 or2 sulfur atoms, and/or 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms in the ring, and may bebonded to the remainder of the molecule through a carbon or heteroatom.Exemplary heteroaromatics include furyl, thienyl, pyridyl, oxazolyl,pyrrolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, or isoquinolinyl and the like. Exemplarysubstituents include one or more of the following groups: hydrocarbyl,substituted hydrocarbyl, keto, hydroxy, protected hydroxy, acyl,acyloxy, alkoxy, alkenoxy, alkynoxy, aryloxy, halogen, amido, amino,nitro, cyano, thiol, thioether, thioester, ketal, acetal, ester andether.

The term “acyl,” as used herein alone or as part of another group,denotes the moiety formed by removal of the hydroxyl group from thegroup —COOH of an organic carboxylic acid, e.g., RC(O)—, wherein R isR¹, R¹O—, R¹R²N—, or R¹S—, R¹ is hydrocarbyl, heterosubstitutedhydrocarbyl, or heterocyclo and R² is hydrogen, hydrocarbyl orsubstituted hydrocarbyl.

The term “acyloxy,” as used herein alone or as part of another group,denotes an acyl group as described above bonded through an oxygenlinkage (—O—), e.g., RC(O)O— wherein R is as defined in connection withthe term “acyl.”

The term “pesticide” includes chemicals and microbial agents used asactive ingredients of products for control of crop and lawn pests anddiseases, animal ectoparasites, and other pests in public health. Theterm also includes plant growth regulators, pest repellants, synergists,herbicide safeners (which reduce the phytotoxicity of herbicides to cropplants) and preservatives, the delivery of which to the target mayexpose dermal and especially ocular tissue to the pesticide. Suchexposure can arise by drift of the pesticide from the delivery means tothe person performing the application of the pesticide or being presentin the vicinity of an application.

When a maximum or minimum “average number” is recited herein withreference to a structural feature such as oxyethylene units or glucosideunits, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that theinteger number of such units in individual molecules in a surfactantpreparation typically varies over a range that can include integernumbers greater than the maximum or smaller than the minimum “averagenumber”. The presence in a composition of individual surfactantmolecules having an integer number of such units outside the statedrange in “average number” does not remove the composition from the scopeof the present invention, so long as the “average number” is within thestated range and other requirements are met.

By “storage-stable,” in the context of an aqueous concentratecomposition of glyphosate salt further containing a surfactant and auxinherbicide, is meant not exhibiting phase separation on exposure totemperatures up to about 50° C., and preferably not forming crystals ofglyphosate or salt thereof on exposure to a temperature of about 0° C.for a period of up to about 7 days (i.e., the composition must have acrystallization point of 0° C. or lower). For aqueous solutionconcentrates, high temperature storage stability is often indicated by acloud point of about 50° C. or more. Cloud point of a composition isnormally determined by heating the composition until the solutionbecomes cloudy, and then allowing the composition to cool, withagitation, while its temperature is continuously monitored. Atemperature reading taken when the solution clears is a measure of cloudpoint. A cloud point of 50° C. or more is normally considered acceptablefor most commercial purposes for a glyphosate SL formulation. Ideallythe cloud point should be 60° C. or more, and the composition shouldwithstand temperatures as low as about −10° C., preferably as low asabout −20° C., more preferably as low as about −30 C, for up to about 7days without phase separation (i.e., without separation of frozen wateror solid insoluble surfactant from the composition) and without crystalgrowth (even in the presence of seed crystals of the glyphosate salt).

Herbicidal effectiveness is one of the biological effects that can beenhanced through this invention. “Herbicidal effectiveness,” as usedherein, refers to any observable measure of control of plant growth,which can include one or more of the actions of (1) killing, (2)inhibiting growth, reproduction or proliferation, and (3) removing,destroying, or otherwise diminishing the occurrence and activity ofplants. The herbicidal effectiveness data set forth herein report“control” as a percentage following a standard procedure in the artwhich reflects a visual assessment of plant mortality and growthreduction by comparison with untreated plants, made by techniciansspecially trained to make and record such observations. In all cases, asingle technician makes all assessments of percent control within anyone experiment or trial. Such measurements are relied upon and regularlyreported by Monsanto Company in the course of its herbicide business.

EXAMPLES

The spray compositions of the following examples contain an exogenouschemical, such as glyphosate salt as indicated, in addition to theexcipient ingredients listed. The amount of exogenous chemical wasselected to provide the desired rate in grams per hectare (g/ha) whenapplied in a spray volume of 93 l/ha. Several exogenous chemical rateswere applied for each composition. Thus, except where otherwiseindicated, when spray compositions were tested, the concentration ofexogenous chemical varied in direct proportion to exogenous chemicalrate, but the concentration of excipient ingredients was held constantacross different exogenous chemical rates.

In the following Examples illustrative of the invention, greenhouse andfield tests were conducted to evaluate the relative herbicidaleffectiveness of glyphosate compositions. Standard compositions includedfor comparative purposes include the following:

-   -   STD1: 725 g/l of glyphosate potassium salt in aqueous solution        with no added surfactant.    -   STD2: 50% by weight of glyphosate IPA salt in aqueous solution        together with a surfactant. This formulation is sold by Monsanto        Company under the ROUNDUP ULTRAMAX® trademark.    -   STD3: 570 g/l of glyphosate IPA salt in an aqueous solution with        no added surfactant.

Various excipients were used in compositions of the examples. They maybe identified as follows.

Cationic Surfactants:

CIS1 Witcamine TAM105 Ethoxylated (10.5) tallowamine CIS2 3151 blend 55%Ethoxylated (10.5) tallowamine and 45% Ethoxylated (2) cocoamine CIS3Surfonic T-15 PEG 15 tallow amine CIS4 Witcamine 302 PEG 2 cocoamineCIS5 Witcamine 305 PEG 5 cocoamine CIS6 Formulation E1 of Reissue C₁₂₋₁₄alkoxylated (1 PO) Pat. No. RE 37,866 propylamine (5EO) ethoxylate CIS7Armeen C coco (C₁₂-C₁₈ unsaturated) primary amine CIS8 Ethoquad T25tallow ethoxylate (15EO) quaternary ammonium chloride CIS9 MON 0818polyoxyethylene tallowamine CIS10 C₁₈NMe(EO)7.5H CIS11 7164 blend 54%4.5EO tallowamine ethoxylate, 23% 10 EO tallowamine ethoxylate, and 23%dipropylene glycol CIS12 Witcamine TAM 45 4.5 EO tallowamine ethoxylateCIS13 Arquad T-50PG tallowtrimethylammonium chloride in propylene glycolCIS14 Arquad SV-60PG soyaalkyltrimethyl ammonium chloride CIS15 TomahE-17-5 poly(5)oxyethylene isodecyl oxypropylamineNonionic Surfactants:

NIS1 Hetoxol CS20 C₁₆₋₁₈ alcohol ethoxylate (20EO) NIS2 Agrimul PG 2067Alkylpolyglucoside (Cognis) NIS3 C₁₆₋₁₈ alcohol ethoxylate (20EO) NIS4Witconol IS 100 PEG 10EO iso C₁₈ alcohol NIS5 Silwet L-77silicone-polyether copolymer NIS6 Brij 56 stearyl alcohol ethoxylate(10EO) NIS7 ADMOX SC1485 myristyl dimethyl amine oxide NIS8 20 EO linearC₁₆₋₁₈ alcohol ethoxylate NIS9 Emulgin L cetereth propoxylate (2PO)ethoxylate (9EO) NIS10 alkoxylated alcohol NIS11 alkoxylated alcoholOther Components:

OTH1 Di-ammonium Oxalate OTH2 Propylene Glycol OTH3 Oxalic Acid OTH4Sodium Sulfite OTH5 Agnique DF6889 Silicone dispersion antifoam OTH6octyl amine OTH7 tetrahydrofuryl alcohol OTH8 Isopar L paraffinic oilOTH9 dipropylene glycol OTH10 diethylene glycol OTH11 NaCl OTH12 KOHOTH13 glycerin OTH14 phosphoric acid OTH15 dimethyl amine OTH16 N-decylamine OTH17 diethyl amine OTH18 isopropyl alcohol

The following greenhouse testing procedure was used for evaluatingcompositions of the Examples to determine herbicidal effectiveness,except where otherwise indicated.

Seeds of the plant species indicated were planted in 88 mm square potsin a soil mix which was previously sterilized and prefertilized with a14-14-14 NPK slow release fertilizer at a rate of 3.6 kg/m³. The potswere placed in a greenhouse with sub-irrigation. About one week afteremergence, seedlings were thinned as needed, including removal of anyunhealthy or abnormal plants, to create a uniform series of test pots.

The plants were maintained for the duration of the test in thegreenhouse where they received a minimum of 14 hours of light per day.If natural light was insufficient to achieve the daily requirement,artificial light with an intensity of approximately 475 microeinsteinswas used to make up the difference. Exposure temperatures were notprecisely controlled but averaged about 29 C during the day and about 21C during the night. Plants were sub-irrigated throughout the test toensure adequate soil moisture levels.

Pots were assigned to different treatments in a fully randomizedexperimental design with 6 replications. A set of pots was leftuntreated as a reference against which the effects of a treatment couldlater be evaluated.

Application of glyphosate compositions was made by spraying with a tracksprayer fitted with a 9501E tapered flat fan spray tip calibrated todeliver a spray volume of 93 liters per hectare (l/ha) at a pressure of165 kilopascals (kPa). After treatment, pots were returned to thegreenhouse until ready for evaluation.

Treatments were made using dilute aqueous compositions. These could beprepared as spray compositions directly from their ingredients, or bydilution with water of preformulated concentrate compositions.

For evaluation of herbicidal effectiveness, all plants in the test wereexamined by a single practiced technician, who recorded percent control,a visual measurement of the effectiveness of each treatment bycomparison with untreated plants. Control of 0% indicates no effect, andcontrol of 100% indicates that all of the plants are completely dead.The reported % control values represent the average for all replicatesof each treatment.

Example 1

The effect of glyphosate, 2,4-D, combinations of 2,4-D and glyphosateand combinations of all of the above with oxalic acid on velvetleaf wastested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were prepared containingpotassium glyphosate salt, reported in g a.e./liter, and excipientingredients as shown in Table 1a. The 806D0T, 806E7S, 806F4Q and 806G3Bformulations contained 62 grams acid equivalent per liter. Formulations806A2D, 806B9H, 806C5Z, 806F4Q and 806G3B contained the IPA salt of2,4-D measured in grams acid equivalent per liter.

TABLE 1a Cmpnt. wt Cmpnt. wt Cmpnt. wt Comp. Gly. 2,4-D 2 % 3 % 4 %806A2D — 60.0 — — — — — — 806B9H — 60.0 CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.0 — — 806C5Z —60.0 CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.0 OTH3 0.30 806D0T K — CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.0 — —806E7S K — CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.0 OTH3 0.30 806F4Q K  2.0 CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.0— 0.75 806G3B K  2.0 CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.0 OTH3 0.30 765K4S K — CIS5 9.0NIS4 4.0 CIS7 1.0 

The compositions of Table 1a and comparative compositions STD1 and STD2,were applied to velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti, ABUTH) plants.Results, averaged for all replicates of each treatment, are shown inTable 1 b.

TABLE 1b Glyphosate Application Composition Rate (g a.e./ha) ABUTH %inhibition 806A2D 100, 200, 300, 400 59.2, 75.8, 77.5, 80.0 806B9H 100,200, 300, 400 66.7, 75.0, 80.0, 80.0 806C5Z 100, 200, 300, 400 75.0,78.3, 80.0, 82.5 806D0T 100, 200, 300, 400 24.2, 59.2, 85.0, 88.3 806E7S100, 200, 300, 400 77.5, 87.5, 96.0, 98.0 806F4Q 100, 200, 300, 40025.0, 75.0, 80.8, 86.7 806G3B 100, 200, 300, 400 68.3, 89.2, 95.5, 97.3765K4S 100, 200, 300, 400 16.7, 63.3, 85.0, 90.0 STD1 100, 200, 300, 4000.0, 1.7, 44.2, 77.5 STD2 100, 200, 300, 400 13.3, 81.7, 90.0, 95.0

The order of efficacy for ABUTH % inhibition was806E7S>806G3B>806C5Z>806B9H>806A2D>STD2>806F4Q>806DOT>765K4S>STD1.

Example 2

The effect of combinations of potassium glyphosate and 2,4-D with orwithout oxalic acid on velvetleaf was tested. Aqueous concentratecompositions were prepared containing potassium glyphosate salt,reported in g a.e./liter, and excipient ingredients as shown in Table2a. The 820A9T, 820C1Z, 820D6Q, 820E3F, 820FOG and 820H7D formulationscontained 62 grams acid equivalent per liter. Formulation 820B4Hcontained the IPA salt of 2,4-D measured in grams acid equivalent perliter.

TABLE 2a Cmpnt. wt Cmpnt. wt Cmpnt. wt Comp. Gly. 2,4-D 2 % 4 % 4 %820A9T K — CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.00 — — 820B4H — 60.0  CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.00 —— 820C1Z K 2.0 CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.00 OTH3 0.30 820D6Q K 2.0 CIS6 0.75 NIS21.00 — — 820E3F K 6.0 CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.00 OTH3 0.30 820F0G K 6.0 CIS60.75 NIS2 1.00 — — 820G5J K 4.0 CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.00 OTH3 0.60 820H7D K6.0 CIS6 0.75 NIS2 1.00 OTH3 0.60

The compositions of Table 2a and comparative compositions STD1 and STD2were applied to velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti, ABUTH) plants. Resultsat 4 days after treatment (4DAT) and 14 days after treatment (14DAT),averaged for all replicates of each treatment, are shown in Table 2b.

TABLE 2b Glyphosate Application ABUTH ABUTH Rate % inhibition %inhibition Comp. (g a.e./ha) (4 DAT) (14 DAT) 820A9T 150, 250, 400, 5.0,5.0, 10.0, 40.8, 75.0, 84.2, 800 10.0 93.8 820B4H 150, 250, 400, 20.0,25.0, 35.0, 66.7, 76.7, 80.8, 800 40.0 81.7 820C1Z 150, 250, 400, 5.0,5.0, 5.0, 79.2, 85.0, 95.0, 800 10.0 99.2 820D6Q 150, 250, 400, 5.0,5.0, 5.0, 25.8, 76.7, 85.0, 800 10.0 91.7 820E3F 150, 250, 400, 5.0,5.0, 10.0, 78.3, 80.8, 90.5, 800 15.0 97.3 820F0G 150, 250, 400, 5.0,5.0, 10.0, 22.5, 65.0, 83.3, 800 15.0 94.8 820G5J 150, 250, 400, 10.0,15.0, 20.0, 79.2, 85.0, 93.8, 800 25.0 100.0 820H7D 150, 250, 400, 10.0,15.0, 20.0, 79.2, 85.0, 96.2, 800 25.0 99.3 STD1 150, 250, 400, 0.0,5.0, 5.0, 0.0, 26.7, 70.8, 800 5.0 84.2 STD2 150, 250, 400, 5.0, 5.0,10.0, 70.0, 85.0, 90.0, 800 10.0 98.7

The order of efficacy for ABUTH % inhibition was820H7D>820C1Z>820G5J>820E3F>STD2>820B4H>820A9T>765K4S>820D6Q>820FOG>STD1.

Example 3

The effect of tank mixtures of NH₄-oxalate with glyphosate packagepremix formulations of RT Master™ and Field Master™ on velvetleaf andbarnyardgrass was tested. Aqueous tank mix compositions were preparedcontaining Roundup® UltraMax, RT Master™ and Field Master™ along withNH₄-oxalate at three glyphosate a.e.:oxalate ratios (2:1, 10:1 and 30:1)these compositions and excipient ingredients are shown in Table 3a.

TABLE 3a Glyphosate 2,4-D Gly:Oxalic Composition (g a.e./L) (g a.e./L)Acid Ratio UltraMax 21 445 —  2:1 UltraMax 101 445 — 10:1 Ultra Max 301445 — 30:1 RT Master 21 360 38.6  2:1 RT Master 101 360 38.6 10:1 RTMaster 301 360 38.6 30:1 Field Master 21 68 —  2:1 Field Master 101 68 —10:1 Field Master 301 68 — 30:1

The compositions of Table 3a and comparative compositions STD1, STD2, RTMaster™ and Field Master™ were applied to velvetleaf (Abutilontheophrasti, ABUTH) and Japanese millet (Echinochloa crus-galli var.frumentae, ECHCF) plants. Results at 5 days after treatment (5DAT) and16 days after treatment (16DAT), averaged for all replicates of eachtreatment, are shown in Table 3b.

TABLE 3b Glyphosate ABUTH ABUTH ECHCF ECHCF App. Rate % inhibition %inhibition % inhibition % inhibition Composition (g a.e./ha) (5 DAT) (16DAT) (5 DAT) (16 DAT) UltraMax 21 75, 100, 0.0, 0.0, 78.3, 88.3, 0.0,0.0, 61.7, 80.8, 200 0.0 97.5 0.0 94.8 UltraMax 101 75, 100, 0.0, 0.0,70.8, 85.8, 0.0, 0.0, 61.7, 79.2, 200 0.0 97.8 0.0 97.5 UltraMax 301 75,100, 0.0, 0.0, 65.8, 80.8, 0.0, 0.0, 55.0, 80.8, 200 0.0 96.0 0.0 92.8RT Master 21 75, 100, 0.0, 2.5, 75.0, 83.3, 0.0, 0.0, 65.0, 85.0, 2005.0 94.7 0.0 96.2 RT Master 101 75, 100, 0.0, 3.3, 66.7, 77.5, 0.0, 0.0,63.3, 82.5, 200 5.0 91.7 0.0 94.8 RT Master 301 75, 100, 0.0, 4.2, 54.2,75.8, 0.0, 0.0, 60.0, 80.8, 200 5.0 90.0 0.0 93.5 Field Master 21 75,100, 3.3, 13.3, 76.7, 88.3, 0.0, 7.5, 48.3, 60.0, 200 32.5 90.5 16.761.7 Field Master 101 75, 100, 2.5, 10.8, 65.0, 76.7, 0.0, 4.2, 35.0,52.5, 200 26.7 80.0 11.7 54.2 Field Master 301 75, 100, 1.7, 6.7, 48.3,74.2, 0.0, 1.7, 20.8, 47.5, 200 16.7 79.2 9.2 50.0 RT Master ™ 75, 100,2.5, 4.2, 47.5, 61.7, 0.0, 0.0, 55.0, 78.3, 200 5.0 77.5 0.0 91.2 FieldMaster ™ 75, 100, 4.2, 16.7, 40.8, 54.2, 0.0, 8.3, 27.5, 49.2, 200 48.384.8 23.3 50.0 STD1 75, 100, 0.0, 0.0, 6.7, 45.8, 0.0, 0.0, 3.3, 30.0,200 0.0 64.2 0.0 49.2 STD2 75, 100, 0.0, 0.0, 40.8, 75.8, 0.0, 0.0,58.3, 77.5, 200 0.0 86.3 0.0 91.5

The order of efficacy averaged across application rates for the ABUTH %inhibition was UltraMax 21>Field Master 21>UltraMax 101>RT Master21>UltraMax 301>RT Master 101>Field Master 101>RT Master 301>STD2>FieldMaster 301>RT Master>Field Master>STD1. The order of efficacy averagedacross application rates for ECHF % inhibition was RT Master 21>RTMaster 101>UltraMax 101>UltraMax 21>RT Master 301>UltraMax 301>STD 3>RTMaster>Field Master 21>Field Master 101>Field Master>Field Master301>STD1. The order of efficacy averaged across application rates forboth ABUTH and ECHCF combined was UltraMax 21>RT Master 21>UltraMax101>RT Master 101>UltraMax 301>RT Master 301>STD2>Field Master 21>RTMaster>Field Master 101>Field Master 301>Field Master>STD1.

Example 4

The effect of tank mixtures of NH₄-oxalate with glyphosate premixformulations of Roundup® RTU and Fallow Master® on velvetleaf andbarnyardgrass was tested. Aqueous tank mix compositions were preparedcontaining Roundup® UltraMax, Roundup® RTU and Fallow Master® along withNH₄-oxalate at three glyphosate a.e.:oxalate ratios (2:1, 10:1 and 30:1)these compositions and excipient ingredients are shown in Table 4a.

TABLE 4a Component 2 Gly:Oxalic Composition Gly. (g a.e./L) Acid RatioUltraMax 21 445 gae/L —  2:1 UltraMax 101 445 gae/L — 10:1 Ultra Max 301445 gae/L — 30:1 RTU 21 1.9 wt % ae (diquat)  2:1 RTU 101 1.9 wt % ae(diquat) 10:1 RTU 301 1.9 wt % ae (diquat) 30:1 Fallow Master ® 21 197gae/L 46 (dicamba)  2:1 Fallow Master 101 197 gae/L 46 (dicamba) 10:1Fallow Master 301 197 gae/L 46 (dicamba) 30:1

The compositions of Table 4a and comparative compositions Roundup® RTU,Fallow Master®, STD1 and STD2 were applied to velvetleaf (Abutilontheophrasti, ABUTH) and Japanese millet (Echinochloa crus-galli var.frumentae, ECHCF) plants. Results at 14 days after treatment (14DAT),averaged for all replicates of each treatment, are shown in Table 4b.

TABLE 4b Glyphosate Application ABUTH ECHCF Rate % inhibition %inhibition Composition (g a.e./ha) (14 DAT) (14 DAT) UltraMax 21 75,100, 200 51.7, 80.0, 90.0 67.5, 68.3, 75.8 UltraMax 101 75, 100, 20051.7, 76.7, 85.8 64.2, 68.3, 73.3 UltraMax 301 75, 100, 200 46.7, 67.5,85.0 60.0, 68.3, 71.7 RTU 21 75, 100, 200 23.3, 27.5, 38.3 1.7, 6.7,56.7 RTU 101 75, 100, 200 5.0, 10.0, 38.3 0.8, 7.5, 50.0 RTU 301 75,100, 200 4.2, 10.0, 32.5 4.2, 17.5, 63.3 Fallow Master ® 21 75, 100, 20068.3, 78.3, 87.5 65.0, 67.5, 89.7 Fallow Master 101 75, 100, 200 66.7,81.7, 85.0 65.8, 67.5, 90.0 Fallow Master 301 75, 100, 200 66.7, 78.3,85.8 65.0, 70.8, 91.8 Roundup RTU 75, 100, 200 5.8, 16.7, 35.0 5.8,21.7, 61.7 Fallow Master 75, 100, 200 60.0, 70.0, 84.2 64.2, 66.7, 81.7STD1 75, 100, 200 3.3, 7.5, 31.7 20.8, 40.8, 59.2 STD2 75, 100, 20010.8, 40.0, 76.7 64.2, 65.0, 72.5

The order of efficacy averaged across application rates for the ABUTH %inhibition was FallowMaster 21>FallowMaster 101>FallowMaster301>UltraMax 21>UltraMax 101>FallowMaster>UltraMax 301>STD2>RTU21>Roundup RTU>RTU 101>STU 301>STD1. The order of efficacy averagedacross application rates for ECHF % inhibition was FallowMaster301>FallowMaster 101>FallowMaster 21>FallowMaster>UltraMax 21>UltraMax101>STD 3>UltraMax 301>STD1>Roundup RTU>RTU 301>RTU 21>RTU 101. Theorder of efficacy averaged across application rates for both ABUTH andECHCF combined was FallowMaster 301>FallowMaster 101>FallowMaster21>UltraMax 21>FallowMaster>UltraMax 101>UltraMax 301>STD2>STD1>RTU21>Roundup RTU>RTU 301>RTU 101.

Example 5

The effect of combinations of potassium glyphosate and 2,4-D andisopropylamine glyphosate on pitted morningglory (IPOLA) and cocklebur(XANST) was tested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were preparedcontaining 360 g a.e./L potassium glyphosate salt, amounts of 2,4-D arereported in wt % a.e. and excipient ingredients as shown in Table 5a.

TABLE 5a Cmpnt. wt Cmpnt. wt Comp. Gly. 2,4-D 2 % 3 % 100B2T K 1.60 CIS69.2 — — 085A9K K 1.60 CIS6 9.1 — — 501A0X K 1.66 CIS2 9.2 — — 501B4S K1.82 CIS2 9.1 — — 047B7Z K 3.13 CIS6 9.2 OTH6 2.16 059A3D K 3.13 CIS29.2 OTH6 2.20

The compositions of Table 5a and comparative composition RT Master™ wereapplied to pitted morningglory (IPOLA) and cocklebur (XANST) plants.Results at 10 days after treatment (10DAT), averaged for all replicatesof each treatment, are shown in Table 5b.

TABLE 5b Glyphosate Application XANST IPOLA Rate % inhibition %inhibition Composition (g a.e./ha) (10 DAT) (10 DAT) 100B2T 100, 200,300, 38.8, 68.8, 73.8, 60.0, 76.3, 81.3, 400 70.0 93.8 085A9K 100, 200,300, 42.5, 65.0, 83.8, 60.0, 77.5, 78.8, 400 83.8 83.8 501A0X 100, 200,300, 56.3, 71.3, 82.5, 65.0, 78.8, 82.5, 400 91.3 85.0 501B4S 100, 200,300, 58.8, 65.0, 76.3, 62.5, 83.8, 80.0, 400 85.0 91.3 047B7Z 100, 200,300, 58.8, 73.8, 87.5, 86.3, 86.3, 90.0, 400 97.5 93.8 059A3D 100, 200,300, 70.8, 79.5, 88.0, 72.5, 88.8, 87.5, 400 90.0 97.5 RT Master ™ 100,200, 300, 53.8, 69.5, 78.5, 75.0, 83.8, 92.5, 400 83.3 88.8

The order of efficacy averaged across application rates for the XANST %inhibition was 059A3D>047B7Z>501AOX>501B4S>RT Master™>085A9K>100B2T. Theorder of efficacy averaged across application rates for IPOLA %inhibition was 047B7Z>059A3D>RT Master™>501B4S>100B2T>501AOX>085A9K. Theorder of efficacy averaged across application rates for both XANST andIPOLA combined was 059A3D>047B7Z>RT Master™>501AOX>501B4S>085A9K>100B2T.

Example 6

The effect of combinations of potassium glyphosate and 2,4-D andisopropylamine glyphosate on pitted morningglory (IPOLA) plants wastested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were prepared containing 480 ga.e./L potassium glyphosate salt, 2,4-D reported in wt % a.e, andexcipient ingredients as shown in Table 6a.

TABLE 6a Cmpnt. wt Comp. Gly. 2,4-D 2 % 506A2T K 0.72 CIS2 7.25 506B9Z K0.71 CIS2 7.25 510A4H K 0.60 CIS6 7.60 510B8V K 0.60 CIS6 7.60 508A1B K0.72 CIS2 7.60 508B0G K 0.72 CIS2 7.60 503B5P K 0.66 CIS6 9.10 504A3L K0.65 CIS6 9.10 504B2I K 0.74 CIS2 9.10 505A6S K 0.72 CIS2 9.10

The compositions of Table 6a and comparative compositions RT Master™ andSTD2 were applied to pitted morningglory (IPOLA). Results at 5 daysafter treatment (5DAT) and 12 days after treatment (12DAT), averaged forall replicates of each treatment, are shown in Table 6b.

TABLE 6b Glyphosate IPOLA IPOLA IPOLA XANST App. Rate % inhibition %inhibition % inhibition % inhibition Comp. (g a.e./ha) (5 DAT) (11 DAT)(12 DAT) (11 DAT) 506A2T 100, 200, 400 30.0, 67.5, 75.0 25.0, 72.5, 81.730.0, 75.0, 90.0 60.0, 71.3, 86.3 506B9Z 100, 200, 400 33.8, 47.5, 80.066.3, 72.5, 86.7 33.8, 71.3, 90.0 65.0, 77.5, 81.3 510A4H 100, 200, 40061.3, 58.8, 85.0 22.5, 72.5, 80.0 58.8, 73.8, 92.5 55.0, 77.5, 78.8510B8V 100, 200, 400 41.3, 65.0, 78.8 30.0, 67.5, 83.4 45.0, 77.5, 90.545.0, 60.0, 92.5 508A1B 100, 200, 400 35.0, 77.5, 80.0 56.3, 78.8, 86.742.5, 85.0, 90.0 60.0, 63.8, 95.7 508B0G 100, 200, 400 2.5, 70.0, 75.057.5, 73.8, 78.4 2.5, 80.0, 90.0 61.3, 78.8, 95.0 503B5P 100, 200, 40030.0, 52.5, 75.0 41.3, 67.5, 86.0 42.5, 70.0, 90.0 55.0, 75.0, 82.5504A3L 100, 200, 400 31.3, 71.3, 80.0 56.3, 67.5, 90.0 28.8, 78.8, 91.357.5, 76.3, 88.8 504B2I 100, 200, 400 26.3, 43.8, 73.8 47.5, 78.8, 90.041.3, 63.8, 82.5 61.3, 78.8, 91.3 505A6S 100, 200, 400 28.8, 62.5, 80.058.8, 71.3, 88.4 35.0, 75.0, 88.8 63.8, 76.3, 81.3 RT Master 100, 200,400 72.5, 85.0, 85.0 63.8, 87.5, 93.4 77.5, 96.3, 98.0 70.0, 76.3, 92.0STD2 100, 200, 400 36.3, 36.3, 41.3 23.8, 62.5, 78.4 23.8, 50.0, 67.545.0, 70.0, 97.5

The order of efficacy averaged across application rates for the IPOLA %inhibition averaged over both 5 and 12 days after treatment was RTMaster>510A4H>508A1B>510B8V>504A3L>505A6S>506A2T>503B5P>506B9Z>504B21>508BOG>STD2.The order of efficacy for the XANST % inhibition was RTMaster>508A1B>504B21>506B9Z>504A3L>505A6S>506A2T>508BOG>503B5P>STD2>510A4H>510B8V.

Example 7

The effect of 128A5X and composition 139H2K on Zebrina pendula (ZEBPE)plants to determine the appropriate rates for commercial control wastested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were prepared containing theindicated amount of glyphosate salt measured in g a.e./L and excipientingredients as shown in Table 7a.

TABLE 7a Cmpnt. wt Comp. Gly. 2,4-D 1 % 139H2K IPA (570) — NIS5 0.05128A5X MEA (480) — CIS6 9.6

The compositions of Table 7a and comparative composition 128A5X wereapplied to Zebrina pendula (ZEBPE). Results at 29 days after treatment(29DAT), averaged for all replicates of each treatment, are shown inTable 7b.

TABLE 7b Glyphosate Application Composition Rate (g a.e./ha) ZEBPE %inhibition (29 DAT) 139H2K 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 53.3, 72.7, 87.0,84.3, 91.7, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000 90.0, 89.3, 93.3 128A5X 1000, 2000,3000, 4000, 43.3, 45.0, 41.7, 48.3, 72.7, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000 79.0,81.7, 85.0

From the data, application rates of 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 g a.e./hawere used for the next set of experiments on Zebrina pendula (ZEBPE).

Example 8

The effect of glyphosate compositions on Zebrina pendula (ZEBPE) plantswas tested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were prepared containingthe listed amount of glyphosate salt in g a.e./L and excipientingredients as shown in Table 8a.

TABLE 8a Cmpnt wt Cmpnt wt Cmpnt wt Compnt wt Comp. Gly. 1 % 2 % 3 % 4/5% 553I3Z IPA (360) CIS8 9.6 NIS6 6.4 NIS7 1.0 OTH7/OTH8 1.5/1.0 239K5X K(480) CIS15 9.2 — — — — — — 128A5X MEA (480) CIS6 9.6 — — — — — —

The compositions of Table 8a and comparative composition 128A5X wereapplied to Zebrina pendula (ZEBPE). Results at 28 days after treatment(28DAT), averaged for all replicates of each treatment, are shown inTable 8b.

TABLE 8b Glyphosate Application Composition Rate (g a.e./ha) ZEBPE %inhibition (28 DAT) 553I3Z 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 73.8, 89.5, 88.0, 91.3239K5X 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000 67.5, 82.8, 86.0, 86.0 128A5X 2000, 3000,4000, 5000 82.0, 86.3, 86.5, 88.5

The most active composition was 128A5X.

Example 9

The effect of glyphosate compositions on Zebrina pendula (ZEBPE) plantswas tested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were prepared containingthe listed amount of glyphosate salt in wt % and excipient ingredientsas shown in Table 9a.

TABLE 9a Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Comp. Gly. 1 % 2 % 3 % 4 %128A5X MEA (38.2) CIS6 9.6 — — — — — — 128B1T MEA (38.2) CIS6 9.6 OTH3 3.82 — — — — 318A9H K (36.9) CIS1 7.4 NIS9 4.9 OTH9 6.5 — — 318B2V K(36.9) CIS1 7.4 NIS9 4.9 OTH9 6.5 OTH3 3.7 265A4C K (31) CIS10 126 g/L —— — — — — 265B0E K (31) CIS10 126 g/L OTH3 3.1 — — — — 683A7T Amm (68)CIS1 9.5 NIS8 11.6  OTH4 0.4 OTH18 0.1

The compositions of Table 9a and comparative composition 128A5X wereapplied to Zebrina pendula (ZEBPE). Results at 27 days after treatment(27DAT), averaged for all replicates of each treatment, are shown inTable 9b.

TABLE 9b Glyphosate Application Composition Rate (g a.e./ha) ZEBPE %inhibition (27 DAT) 128M1T 2000, 3500, 5000, 6500 70.5, 82.8, 84.3, 91.3318A9H 2000, 3500, 5000, 6500 73.0, 75.0, 82.8, 92.3 318B2V 2000, 3500,5000, 6500 78.3, 79.3, 83.8, 88.5 265A4C 2000, 3500, 5000, 6500 81.8,85.5, 84.3, 93.5 265B0E 2000, 3500, 5000, 6500 67.5, 75.0, 75.5, 77.5683A7T 2000, 3500, 5000, 6500 76.3, 83.8, 84.0, 90.8 128A5X 2000, 3500,5000, 6500 73.5, 82.5, 84.3, 87.0

The most active composition was 265A4C. 265B0E showed lower rates ofcontrol with added oxalic acid. There were compatibility problemsbetween oxalic acid and the other ingredients in 265B0E and 318B2V.

Example 10

The effect of glyphosate compositions on Commelina benghalensis (COMBE)plants was tested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were preparedcontaining the listed amount of glyphosate salt in wt % and excipientingredients as shown in Table 10a.

TABLE 10a Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Comp. Gly. 1 % 2 % 3 % 4/5 %128A5X MEA (38.2) CIS11 9.6 — — — — — — 633F3J Amm (68) CIS3 9.5 NIS311.6 OTH17 0.4 OTH18 0.1 483H8Q Amm (68) CIS11 5.7 NIS1  8.0 OTH1 8.3OTH4/OTH5 0.4/0.1 050A6B K (30) CIS12 0.8 — — — — — —

The compositions of Table 10a and comparative composition 128A5X wereapplied to commelina (COMBE). Results at 33 days after treatment(33DAT), averaged for all replicates of each treatment, are shown inTable 10b.

TABLE 10b Glyphosate Application Composition Rate (g a.e./ha) COMBE %inhibition (33 DAT) 128A5X 600, 800, 1000, 1200 34.0, 50.0, 58.0, 63.0633F3J 600, 800, 1000, 1200 29.0, 59.0, 62.0, 59.0 483H8Q 600, 800,1000, 1200 27.0, 48.0, 52.0, 56.0 050A6B 600, 800, 1000, 1200 54.0,65.0, 68.0, 72.0

The most active composition was 050A6B.

Example 11

The effect of glyphosate compositions on Commelina benghalensis (COMBE)plants was tested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were preparedcontaining the listed amount of glyphosate salt in wt % and excipientingredients as shown in Table 11a.

TABLE 11a Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Comp. Gly. 1 % 2 % 3 % 4/5 %128A5X MEA (38.2) CIS6 9.6 — — — — — — 483H8Q Amm (68) CIS11 5.7 NIS18.0 OTH1 8.3 OTH4/OTH5 0.4/0.1 633F3J Amm (68) CIS11 9.5 NIS3 11.6 OTH40.4 OTH5 0.1 634T9P Amm (65) CIS1 11.0 NIS8 13.4 OTH4 0.4 OTH5 0.1765K4S K (36.3) CIS5 9.0 NIS4 4.0 CIS7 1.0 — —

The compositions of Table 11a and comparative composition 128A5X wereapplied to commelina (COMBE). Results at 20 days after treatment(20DAT), averaged for all replicates of each treatment, are shown inTable 11 b.

TABLE 11b Glyphosate Application Composition Rate (g a.e./ha) COMBE %inhibition (20 DAT) 128A5X 800, 1100, 1400, 1700 60.0, 75.0, 65.0, 83.8483H8Q 800, 1100, 1400, 1700 26.3, 61.3, 53.8, 72.5 633F3J 800, 1100,1400, 1700 35.0, 61.3, 72.5, 72.5 634T9P 800, 1100, 1400, 1700 41.3,70.0, 80.0, 81.3 765K4S 800, 1100, 1400, 1700 52.5, 75.0, 74.3, 79.5

The most active composition was 128A5X.

Example 12

The effect of glyphosate compositions on Commelina benghalensis (COMBE)plants was tested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were preparedcontaining the listed amount of glyphosate salt in wt % and excipientingredients as shown in Table 12a.

TABLE 12a Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Comp. Gly. 1 % 2 % 3 % 4/5 %128A5X MEA (38.2) CIS6 9.6 — — — — — — 553I3Z IPA (360) CIS8 9.6 NIS66.4 NIS7 1.0 OTH7/OTH8 1.5/1.0 483H8Q Amm (68) CIS11 5.7 NIS1 8.0 OTH18.3 OTH4/OTH5 0.4/0.1 633F3J Amm (68) CIS3 9.5 NIS3 11.6 OTH4 0.4 OTH50.1 634T9P Amm (65) CIS1 11.0 NIS8 13.4 OTH4 0.4 OTH5 0.1 765K4S K(36.3) CIS5 9.0 NIS4 4.0 CIS7 1.0 — — 239K5X K (480) CIS 15 9.2 — — — —— —

The compositions of Table 12a were applied to commelina (COMBE). Resultsat 22 days after treatment (22DAT), averaged for all replicates of eachtreatment, are shown in Table 12b.

TABLE 12b Glyphosate Application COMBE % inhibition Composition Rate (ga.e./ha) (22 DAT) 128A5X 800, 1100, 1400, 1700 72.5, 73.3, 83.8, 80.8553I3Z 800, 1100, 1400, 1700 75.5, 75.8, 87.2, 88.3 483H8Q 800, 1100,1400, 1700 70.0, 75.8, 79.2, 84.2 633F3J 800, 1100, 1400, 1700 69.2,74.2, 74.7, 71.7 634T9P 800, 1100, 1400, 1700 70.8, 74.2, 79.5, 80.0765K4S 800, 1100, 1400, 1700 75.0, 70.0, 75.3, 79.2 239K5X 800, 1100,1400, 1700 70.5, 77.5, 83.3, 80.0

Formulation 55313Z was the most effective composition for commelina.

Example 13

The effect of glyphosate compositions on Commelina benghalensis (COMBE)plants was tested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were preparedcontaining the listed amount of glyphosate salt in wt % and excipientingredients as shown in Table 13a.

TABLE 13a Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Comp. Gly. 1 % 2 % 3 % 4/5 %128A5X MEA (38.2 CIS6 9.6 — — — — — — 481Z7Y K (35.5) carfentrazone 0.18— — — — — — 633F3J Amm (68) CIS3 9.5 NIS3 11.6 OTH4 0.4 OTH5 0.1 634T9PAmm (65) CIS1 11.0 NIS8 13.4 OTH4 0.4 OTH5 0.1 765K4S K (36.3) CIS5 9.0NIS4  4.0 CIS7 1.0 — — 239K5X K (480) CIS 15 9.2 — — — — — —

The compositions of Table 13a and RT Master were applied to commelina(COMBE). Results at 20 days after treatment (20DAT), averaged for allreplicates of each treatment, are shown in Table 13b.

TABLE 13b Glyphosate Application Composition Rate (g a.e./ha) COMBE %inhibition (20 DAT) 128A5X 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 62.5, 69.2, 63.3,70.5, 68.8 481Z7Y 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 79.7, 91.3, 91.7, 90.5, 97.2633F3J 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 49.2, 64.2, 55.8, 61.7, 65.0 634T9P 600,700, 800, 900, 1000 57.5, 70.5, 55.0, 68.5, 68.3 765K4S 600, 700, 800,900, 1000 64.2, 69.2, 69.2, 77.5, 71.7 239K5X 600, 700, 800, 900, 100065.8, 66.3, 61.7, 81.3, 69.2 RT Master 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 80.0,89.2, 91.3, 89.3, 95.8

The most active compositions in this example were RT Master and 481Z7Y.These results indicate that a second active ingredient (2,4-D orcarfentrazone) increases the activity of the composition againstcommelina.

Example 14

The effect of glyphosate compositions on Commelina benghalensis (COMBE)plants was tested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were preparedcontaining the listed amount of glyphosate salt in wt % and excipientingredients as shown in Table 14a, as well as those shown in Table 13a.

TABLE 14a Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Comp. Gly. 1 % 2 % 3 % 4/5 %483H8Q Amm (68) CIS11 5.7 NIS1 8.0 OTH1 8.3 OTH4/OTH5 0.4/0.1 770X1C K(36.7) CIS5 7.0 NIS10 4.0 CIS4 3.0 — — 772N5D K (36.7) CIS5 7.0 NIS113.0 CIS4 3.0 — — 780Y4O K (40) CIS6 8.0 NIS2 3.0 OTH3 1.0 OTH2 1.0822B9T K (30.5) 2,4-D 1.0 CIS6 6.0 NIS2 2.5 — — 822C6U IPA (36) 2,4-D1.8 CIS6 8.0 NIS2 3.0 — —

The compositions of Tables 13a and 14a and RT Master were applied tocommelina (COMBE). Results at 10 days after treatment (10DAT), 24 daysafter treatment (24DAT) and 41 days after treatment (41DAT), averagedfor all replicates of each treatment, are shown in Table 14b.

TABLE 14b Glyphosate Application COMBE COMBE COMBE Rate % inhibition %inhibition % inhibition Composition (g a.e./ha) (10 DAT) (24 DAT) (41DAT) 128A5X 800, 1100, 1.5, 1.7, 41.7, 46.7, 77.2, 96.7, 1400, 1700,5.2, 6.0, 53.3, 44.2, 94.5, 93.0, 2000 6.0 55.0 92.0 481Z7Y 800, 1100,84.2, 92.5, 80.8, 89.3, 15.0, 26.5, 1400, 1700, 92.5, 93.3, 91.7, 91.8,35.0, 75.5, 2000 96.1 92.7 62.6 633F3J 800, 1100, 3.0, 1.7, 20.0, 22.5,51.2, 74.2, 1400, 1700, 2.3, 2.3, 35.0, 34.2, 74.7, 77.7, 2000 5.2 45.089.7 634T9P 800, 1100, 1.5, 1.7, 18.3, 21.7, 50, 91.7, 1400, 1700, 5,4.3, 35.8, 33.3, 94.2, 82.3, 2000 7.3 47.9 94.6 765K4S 800, 1100, 3.7,3.0, 17.5, 38.3, 62.5, 90.5, 1400, 1700, 1.3, 3.0, 30.0, 35.0, 95.0,96.0, 2000 6.1 43.9 97.2 483H8Q 800, 1100, 3.7, 1.7, 26.7, 19.2, 51.7,73.0, 1400, 1700, 4.5, 1.2, 31.7, 24.2, 89.5, 90.5, 2000 4.3 31.9 96.0770X1C 800, 1100, 0.5, 2.3, 21.7, 24.2, 55.8, 81.7, 1400, 1700, 2.8,3.7, 37.5, 35.0, 90.5, 99.2, 2000 7.1 44.9 100.6 772N5D 800, 1100, 2.2,1.7, 29.2, 50.8, 73.5, 86.8, 1400, 1700, 1.5, 3.8, 36.7, 39.2, 92.5,95.5, 2000 3.8 49.2 96.8 780Y4O 800, 1100, 2.0, 3.0, 18.3, 31.7, 54.2,88.3, 1400, 1700, 1.7, 3.7, 45.8, 35.0, 96.3, 90.8, 2000 5.0 44.2 95.8822B9T 800, 1100, 34.2, 39.2, 70.8, 81.7, 98.3, 97.8, 1400, 1700, 36.7,39.2, 79.7, 80.3, 100.0, 100.0, 2000 40.0 84.7 100.0 822C6U 800, 1100,39.2, 42.5, 78.7, 85.0, 100.0, 100.0, 1400, 1700, 40.8, 41.7, 80.0,91.8, 100.0, 100.0, 2000 42.1 96.5 100.0 RT Master 800, 1100, 40.0,41.7, 77.7, 86.7, 100.0, 99.7, 1400, 1700, 41.7, 39.2, 90.7, 90.0,100.0, 100.0, 2000 38.3 91.5 100.0

In this experiment, the compositions that were most effective,particularly against commelina regrowth, were 822B9T, 822C6U and RTMaster, which all contain 2,4-D as a second active ingredient.

Example 15

The effect of glyphosate compositions on Commelina benghalensis (COMBE)plants was tested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were preparedcontaining the listed amount of glyphosate salt in wt % and excipientingredients as shown in Table 15a.

TABLE 15a Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Cmpt wt Comp. Gly. 1 % 2 % 3 % 4/5 %128A5X MEA (38.2) CIS6 9.6 — — — — — — 822B9T K (30.5) 2,4-D 1.0 CIS66.0 NIS2 2.5 — — 822C6U IPA (36) 2,4-D 1.8 CIS6 8.0 NIS2 3.0 — —

The compositions of Table 15a, Ultra Blazer, Cobra and RT Master wereapplied to commelina (COMBE). Results at 7 days after treatment (7DAT)and 24 days after treatment (24DAT), averaged for all replicates of eachtreatment, are shown in Table 15b.

TABLE 15b Glyphosate Application COMBE COMBE Rate % inhibition %inhibition Composition (g a.e./ha) (7 DAT) (24 DAT) 128A5X 100, 200,300, 400 0.2, 0.2, 0.5, 29.2, 30.8, 28.3, 3.7 33.3 822B9T 100, 200, 300,400 42.5, 40.0, 43.3, 49.2, 56.7, 72.5, 43.3 74.2 822C6U 100, 200, 300,400 40.8, 44.2, 45.0, 63.3, 76.7, 79.2, 46.7 83.3 Ultra Blazer 18, 35,70, 140, 0.0, 1.7, 4.3, 4.3, 10.0, 10.0, 10.8, 280, 420 6.7, 8.3 15.0,41.7, 45.0 Cobra 9, 18, 35, 70, 7.5, 8.3, 13.3, 33.3, 46.7, 41.7, 140,210 13.3, 20.0, 21.7 42.5, 44.2, 47.5 RT Master 100, 200, 300 42.5,41.7, 49.2 73.3, 78.3, 82.5

This experiment shows that mixtures of glyphosate and 2,4-D, such as822B9T, 822C6U and RT Master are more efficacious against commelina thansingle ingredient formulations.

Example 16

The effect of glyphosate compositions on Commelina benghalensis (COMBE)plants was tested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were preparedcontaining the listed amount of glyphosate salt in wt % and excipientingredients as shown in Table 16a.

TABLE 16a Cmpnt. wt Cmpnt. wt Cmpnt. wt Comp. Gly. 2,4-D 1 % 2 % 3 %085Z5F IPA (30.5) — CIS9 7.5 — — — — 714V9J IPA (30.4) — 2,4-DB 3.3 — —— —

The compositions of Table 16a, Assure II and RT Master were applied tocommelina (COMBE). Results at 7 days after treatment (7DAT) and 31 daysafter treatment (31 DAT), averaged for all replicates of each treatment,are shown in Table 16b.

TABLE 16b Glyphosate Application COMBE COMBE Rate % inhibition %inhibition Composition (g a.e./ha) (7 DAT) (31 DAT) 085Z5F 300, 400,500, 6.0, 5.0, 5.0, 9.0, 22.0, 24.0, 600, 700, 800, 8.0, 9.0, 11.0,36.0, 46.0, 51.0, 900, 1000, 1100, 12.0, 16.0, 24.0, 53.0, 57.0, 56.0,1200 26.0 49.0 714V9J 300, 400, 500, 41.0, 44.0, 46.0, 2.0, 20.0, 23.0,600, 700, 800, 50.0, 53.0, 53.0, 59.0, 54.0, 79.0, 900, 1000, 1100,53.0, 58.0, 60.0, 80.0, 78.0, 74.0, 1200 62.0 85.0 Assure II 5, 10, 20,30, 9.0, 10.0, 15.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 40, 80, 160 12.0, 15.0, 13.0, 5.0,5.0, 0.0, 19.0 0.0 RT Master 300, 400, 500, 63.0, 61.0, 70.0, 18.0,24.0, 64.0, 600, 700, 800, 66.0, 68.0, 74.0, 85.0, 72.0, 94.0, 900,1000, 1100, 77.0, 80.0, 80.0, 100.0, 95.0, 96.0, 1200 80.0 100.0

Both 714V9J and RT Master were effective against commelina in thisexperiment, however, RT Master was the most efficacious.

Example 17

The effect of glyphosate compositions on morningglory (IPOSS) plants wastested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were prepared containing thelisted amount of glyphosate salt in wt % and excipient ingredients asshown in Table 17a.

TABLE 17a Cmpnt. wt Cmpnt. wt Cmpnt. wt Comp. Gly. 2,4-D 1 % 2 % 3 %085Z5F IPA (30.5) — CIS9 7.5 — — — — 714V9J (30.4) — 2,4-DB 3.3 — — — —

The compositions of Table 17a and RT Master were applied to morningglory(IPOSS). Results at 7 days after treatment (7DAT) and 15 days aftertreatment (15DAT), averaged for all replicates of each treatment, areshown in Table 17b.

TABLE 17b Glyphosate Application IPOSS IPOSS Rate % inhibition %inhibition Composition (g a.e./ha) (7 DAT) (15 DAT) 085Z5F 100, 150,200, 12.0, 50.0, 43.0, 8.0, 53.0, 58.0, 250, 300, 350, 50.0, 48.0, 48.0,63.0, 76.6, 76.0, 400, 450, 500, 51.0, 50.0, 49.0, 79.0, 81.2, 82.8,550, 600, 650, 52.0, 59.0, 54.0, 80.6, 84.2, 83.2, 700 60.0 84.2 714V9J100, 150, 200, 17.0, 31.0, 43.0, 8.0, 20.0, 23.0, 250, 300, 350, 39.0,78.0, 77.0, 27.0, 30.0, 26.0, 400, 450, 500, 66.0, 77.0, 66.0, 29.0,34.0, 30.0, 550, 600, 650, 77.0, 76.0, 75.0, 29.0, 30.0, 33.0, 700 82.0,77.0, 78.0 34.0 RT Master 100, 150, 200, 54.0, 62.0, 66.0, 42.0, 68.0,96.0, 250, 300, 350, 70.0, 70.0, 75.0, 97.0, 96.0, 100.0, 400, 450, 500,76.0, 79.0, 80.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 550, 600, 650, 84.0, 80.0, 83.0,100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 700 81.0 100.0

RT Master was the most effective composition for controllingmorningglory at 7 and 15 days after treatment.

Example 18

The effect of glyphosate compositions on morningglory (IPOSS) plants wastested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were prepared containing thelisted amount of glyphosate salt in wt % and excipient ingredients asshown in Table 18a.

TABLE 18a Cmpnt. wt Cmpnt. wt Cmpnt. wt Comp. Gly. 2,4-D 1 % 2 % 3 %085Z5F IPA (30.5) — CIS9 7.5 — — — — 714V9J (30.4) — 2,4-DB 3.3 — — — —

The compositions of Table 18a, Pursuit and RT Master were applied tomorningglory (IPOSS). Results at 14 days after treatment (14DAT),averaged for all replicates of each treatment, are shown in Table 18b.

TABLE 18b Glyphosate Application Composition Rate (g a.e./ha) IPOSS %inhibition (14 DAT) 085Z5F 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 7.0, 11.0, 32.0,44.0, 53.0, 225, 250, 275, 300, 325, 53.0, 55.0, 61.0, 61.0, 61.0, 350,375, 400 63.0, 68.0, 76.0 714V9J 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 6.0, 29.0,36.0, 31.0, 51.0, 225, 250, 275, 300, 325, 49.0, 68.0, 74.0, 66.0, 80.0,350, 375, 400 77.0, 74.0, 79.0 Pursuit 4, 8, 16, 35, 70, 105 0.0, 6.0,36.0, 41.0, 77.0, 80.0 RT Master 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 47.0, 53.0,66.0, 69.0, 82.0, 225, 250, 275, 300, 325, 75.0, 89.0, 90.0, 78.0, 89.0,350, 375, 400 82.0, 89.0, 94.0

RT Master was the most efficacious composition at the application levelsof the experiment.

Example 19

Aqueous compositions were prepared containing potassium glyphosate salt,IPA 2,4-D salt and excipient ingredients as shown in Table 19a. Theformulations were prepared by mixing the 40.5% w/w a.e. aqueous solutionof IPA 2,4-D to a concentration in w/w % as indicated by [2,4-D] inTable 19a, surfactant(s), glycol followed by addition of 47.8 (47.4)%w/w a.e. aqueous solution of potassium glyphosate to a concentration inw/w % as indicated by [gly] in Table 19a and then taking the totalvolume to 100% with water. Formulations were tested for cloud point andfor density.

TABLE 19a Cmpt. wt Cmpt. wt Cmpt. wt Cloudpt. Comp. [Gly] [2,4-D] 1 % 2% 3 % ° C. 612A7G 37.2 0.76 CIS6 4.72 NIS2 4.59 OTH2 4.01 72 613A9L 37.31.08 CIS6 4.74 NIS2 4.60 OTH2 3.99 52 638A1J 36.5 0.73 CIS6 4.63 CIS144.57 — — 87 638B4T 36.8 0.75 CIS6 6.19 CIS14 3.05 — — 72 639A5Z 36.60.75 CIS6 6.95 CIS14 2.30 — — 67 639B3X 37.1 0.76 CIS6 3.95 NIS2 4.57CIS14 0.78 52 640B7Q 36.6 0.73 CIS6 9.14 — — — — 55 641A9V 36.7 0.74CIS6 6.95 CIS13 2.30 — — 68 641B8D 37.3 0.76 CIS6 4.73 NIS2 3.25 OTH105.00 57 645A7S 36.6 0.71 CIS13 8.91 — — — — >85 645B2B 35.8 0.65 CIS68.09 OTH2 5.51 — — 56 645C1I 34.7 0.72 CIS6 8.70 OTH2 6.01 — — 60 646A8K36.6 0.72 CIS6 4.58 CIS13 4.57 OTH2 1.43 >85 646B3Z 34.8 0.69 CIS6 4.35CIS13 4.35 OTH2 1.67 >85 654B9U 35.8 0.64 CIS6 7.97 — — OTH2 5.51 56656A1T 36.6 0.74 CIS6 6.08 CIS13 3.07 OTH2 2.96 71 656B8Y 36.6 0.73 CIS67.33 CIS13 1.83 OTH2 4.18 54 656C3G 36.6 0.73 CIS6 7.31 CIS13 1.83 OTH23.17 70 665A2T 34.3 0.69 CIS6 8.53 OTH2 6.01 — — 70 665B3O 34.2 0.68CIS6 8.55 OTH2 5.00 — — 73 667B6Z 34.2 0.68 CIS2 8.54 OTH2 4.99 — — 79668A5V 34.2 0.69 CIS6 8.56 OTH10 6.02 — — 71 669B2O 36.6 0.74 CIS6 7.33CIS13 1.83 OTH10 3.17 58 669C9X 36.6 0.73 CIS6 7.31 CIS13 1.83 OTH2 2.1860 670A4F 36.6 0.74 CIS6 7.31 CIS13 1.83 OTH10 2.18 61 670B9G 36.6 0.73CIS6 7.32 CIS13 1.82 OTH2 1.17 62 670C6L 36.6 0.74 CIS6 7.33 CIS13 1.83OTH10 1.19 63 682A0M 36.6 0.73 CIS6 6.86 CIS13 2.29 OTH2 0.71 71 682B5V36.6 0.72 CIS6 6.85 CIS13 2.29 — — 69 682C7P 36.6 0.73 CIS6 6.10 CIS133.05 — — 77 684A4O 36.6 0.73 CIS6 6.53 CIS13 2.61 OTH2 0.40 73 694A9Y36.6 — CIS6 13.8 — — — — — 695A2D 36.6 — CIS6 8.12 CIS13 4.07 — — —697A3U 36.6 0.71 CIS6 6.86 CIS14 2.29 — — 70 697B5Y 36.6 0.71 CIS6 6.85CIS14 2.29 OTH2 1.48 72 697C2T 36.6 0.71 CIS6 6.11 CIS14 3.05 — — 76698A8R 36.6 0.72 CIS6 6.09 CIS14 3.05 OTH2 3.97 74 312A6E 36.6 0.74 CIS64.57 NIS2 4.59 OTH2 4.01 72 313A1V 36.6 1.05 CIS6 4.59 NIS2 4.59 OTH23.99 52 316A5G 36.2 0.72 CIS6 4.53 NIS2 4.53 OTH10 4.00 66 316B7Y 36.20.72 CIS6 4.53 NIS2 4.53 OTH10 3.00 61 317A0J 36.2 0.72 CIS6 4.53 NIS24.53 OTH10 2.02 57 318A4B 35.8 0.72 CIS6 4.47 NIS2 4.50 OTH10 4.02 71338A2W 36.6 0.73 CIS6 4.57 CIS14 4.58 — — 87 338B4F 36.7 0.74 CIS6 6.09CIS14 3.04 — — 72 339A3Q 36.6 0.74 CIS6 6.84 CIS14 2.29 — — 67 339B9P36.6 0.74 CIS6 3.83 CIS14 0.77 NIS2 4.57 52 341A7H 36.6 0.73 CIS6 6.84CIS13 2.29 — — 68 341B5Z 36.6 0.74 CIS6 4.57 NIS2 3.24 OTH10 5.00 57346B6T 36.6 0.73 CIS6 6.10 NIS2 3.05 OTH10 4.99 55 346C8X 35.8 0.72 CIS64.48 CIS14 0.74 NIS2 3.72 58 351A9M 35.8 0.73 CIS6 4.49 NIS2 4.50 OTH105.00 74 351B2V 35.8 0.72 CIS6 5.96 NIS2 2.99 OTH10 5.02 62 352A6G 35.80.72 CIS6 3.73 CIS13 0.75 NIS2 4.50 63 352B4N 36.6 0.74 CIS6 4.48 CIS44.49 OTH10 5.01 >90 352C5Z 36.6 0.73 CIS6 6.73 CIS4 2.24 OTH10 5.01 80355A9K 36.6 1.46 CIS6 4.58 CIS4 4.59 OTH10 4.99 73 328D3J 34.3 0.69 CIS68.60 OTH10 5.99 — — 72 331H1K 35.9 0.72 CIS6 4.48 NIS2 4.50 OTH10 4.9974 074A2E 35.4 0.67 CIS2 6.11 — — — — 60 074B9O 36.3 0.51 CIS2 5.97 — —— — 62 075A3Q 36.2 0.54 CIS2 7.55 — — — — 66 077C5Y 39.9 0.15 CIS2 6.78— — — — 61 078A8U 38.8 0.33 CIS6 6.11 OTH18 0.28 — — 60 083A6B 24.3 1.99CIS2 8.94 — — — — 64 083B0V 27.8 1.47 CIS2 6.10 — — — — 57 084A6G 41.20.17 CIS2 5.67 — — — — 60 084B4R 39.8 0.24 CIS2 6.64 — — — — 62 084C2W36.2 0.57 CIS6 7.25 — — — — 63 085A8I 28.3 1.59 CIS6 9.09 — — — — 61085B3S 38.9 0.29 CIS6 6.79 — — — — 61 085C6H 39.2 0.25 CIS6 6.60 — — — —60 096A5F 39.3 0.25 CIS6 6.63 — — — — 61 098B2X 36.4 0.57 CIS6 6.05 — —— — 60 100A6T 28.2 1.62 CIS2 9.25 — — — — 77 100B5G 28.7 1.60 CIS6 9.23— — — — 67 501A8V 28.7 1.66 CIS2 9.18 — — — — 66 503A3S 36.1 0.64 CIS29.09 — — — — 64 503C5A 35.8 0.65 CIS6 9.30 — — — — 60 505A4R 36.1 0.72CIS2 9.05 — — — — 60 505C7P 35.9 0.75 CIS2 7.40 — — — — 61 506B1V 36.30.71 CIS2 7.27 — — — — 60 508B2M 36.1 0.72 CIS2 7.53 — — — — 60 508E9C35.9 0.66 CIS2 7.70 — — — — 58 509B0K 36.0 0.62 CIS2 7.53 — — — — 61510B7L 36.2 0.59 CIS6 7.59 — — — — 61 548B1Z 28.4 1.59 CIS2 9.12 — — — —56 564B0Y 28.3 1.66 CIS6 9.13 OTH3 1.02 — — 64 569B2W 28.6 2.49 CIS67.23 OTH6 1.47 — — 64 580B6G 28.3 3.09 CIS6 7.60 OTH6 2.55 OTH13 2.27 65581A8J 28.4 3.21 CIS6 6.87 OTH6 2.58 OTH13 2.27 61 581B3E 27.9 3.15 CIS63.88 OTH6 4.81 OTH13 5.14 >90 405A8N 28.8 2.69 CIS6 9.61 OTH6 1.49 — —65 406B7V 28.8 3.08 CIS6 9.22 OTH6 1.65 — — 57

Additional aqueous compositions were prepared containing potassiumglyphosate salt, 2,4-D acid and excipient ingredients as shown in Table19b. The formulations were prepared by mixing the 98% w/w a.e. aqueoussolution of 2,4-D acid to a concentration in w/w % as indicated by[2,4-D] in Table 19b, surfactant(s), glycol followed by addition of 47.8(47.4)% w/w a.e. aqueous solution of potassium glyphosate to aconcentration in w/w % as indicated by [gly] in Table 19b and thentaking the total volume to 100% with water. Formulations were tested forcloud point and for density.

TABLE 19b Cmpt. wt Cmpt. wt Cmpt. wt Cloudpt. Comp. [Gly] [2,4-D] 1 % 2% 3 % ° C. 447A6T 23.2 2.64 CIS12 8.44 — — — — 58 448A1Z 23.6 2.75 CIS59.83 — — — — 64 448C5G 24.6 2.96 CIS5 10.3 — — — — 71 451A0I 25.5 2.99CIS5 9.83 — — — — 50 472A2W 26.2 2.04 CIS5 1.72 CIS12 5.16 — — 56 473B8K30.4 2.99 CIS5 8.42 — — — — 61 474A3R 28.1 2.70 CIS5 11.5 — — — — 56489A6H 28.2 2.00 CIS4 9.28 — — — — 59 489B9M 29.1 2.90 CIS4 8.55 — — — —72 489C5V 28.3 2.97 CIS4 9.05 — — — — 74 489D1Q 28.3 2.95 CIS4 8.99 — —— — 74 009C4N 29.8 3.41 CIS11 8.72 OTH6 4.15 — — 69 012A7O 27.9 3.09CIS11 8.96 OTH6 2.13 — — 57 012B2X 28.1 3.10 CIS11 8.85 OTH5 2.55 — — 65013A6K 28.3 3.10 CIS11 9.76 OTH6 2.83 — — 66 013B6T 28.4 3.12 CIS11 9.27OTH6 2.76 — — 63 021BOU 28.4 3.14 CIS15 9.17 OTH6 2.77 — — 62 026A8V26.0 2.87 CIS6 8.59 CIS7 2.96 — — 64 026B9Y 26.7 2.84 CIS2 9.19 CIS72.54 — — 65 028A3Q 27.1 2.95 CIS6 10.4 CIS7 1.83 — — 53 028B0H 27.5 2.99CIS6 8.74 CIS7 5.81 — — 53 029A4L 26.8 3.08 CIS6 11.1 CIS7 4.78 — — 60029B3V 28.0 3.08 CIS2 9.55 CIS7 5.81 — — 58 034A6P 28.3 2.92 CIS2 9.95OTH16 2.68 — — 58 034B7Y 27.9 2.94 CIS2 9.16 OTH16 2.68 — — 60 044A1L28.8 3.08 CIS2 9.00 OTH6 2.39 — — 67 044B5T 28.1 3.04 CIS2 9.21 OTH62.19 — — 66 045A0X 38.2 3.09 CIS2 9.28 OTH6 2.24 — — 65 045B8Q 28.5 3.10CIS2 9.19 OTH6 2.17 — — 65 046A2W 28.8 3.10 CIS6 9.13 OTH6 2.24 OTH141.15 75 047A6F 28.1 3.09 CIS6 9.09 OTH6 1.51 OTH14 1.87 62 047B7K 28.43.13 CIS2 9.21 OTH6 2.16 — — 67 059A0U 28.4 3.13 CIS2 9.21 OTH6 2.19 — —65 066B1V 26.4 2.73 CIS6 7.70 CIS7 4.55 OTH14 8.70 60 071A3P 32.6 0.92CIS6 7.74 — — — — 60 072A5S 34.6 0.60 CIS2 7.84 — — — — 60 072C9W 36.60.51 CIS2 7.69 — — — — 62 073A4G 34.6 0.54 CIS2 5.89 — — — — 60 073B0M36.3 0.47 CIS2 6.08 — — — — 62 501B2U 29.0 1.70 CIS2 9.23 — — — — 74501C9H 28.7 1.82 CIS2 9.07 — — — — 64 502A6G 33.1 1.04 CIS6 9.26 — — — —62 502B1J 34.7 0.78 CIS2 9.26 — — — — 62 502C7K 36.2 0.61 CIS2 9.10 — —— — 61 503B3L 36.1 0.66 CIS6 9.08 — — — — 61 504A8T 36.1 0.65 CIS6 9.08— — — — 60 504B4P 36.1 0.74 CIS2 9.09 — — — — 61 505B0X 36.1 0.88 CIS27.23 — — — — 50 506A4R 36.1 0.30 CIS2 7.24 — — — — 61 508A5J 36.1 0.30CIS2 7.62 — — — — 60 508C1P 36.0 0.34 CIS2 7.52 — — — — 58 508D2W 35.70.31 CIS6 7.50 — — — — 59 509A9I 35.8 0.28 CIS2 7.67 — — — — 60 510A7Z36.3 0.26 CIS6 7.53 — — — — 61 546A0V 28.4 1.57 CIS2 8.46 OTH9 1.92 — —60 548A2D 28.5 1.57 CIS2 9.23 OTH9 2.24 — — 60 549B3X 28.5 1.45 CIS29.19 OTH9 2.22 — — 66 549C1K 28.5 1.45 CIS2 9.23 OTH9 2.03 — — 71 551B8D28.5 1.47 CIS2 9.22 OTH9 2.11 — — 66 553A7U 28.2 1.44 CIS2 9.60 OTH92.87 — — 58 553B2F 28.4 1.44 CIS2 9.19 OTH9 2.55 — — 63 564A6Y 28.4 1.60CIS6 9.21 OTH3 1.00 — — 68

Additional aqueous compositions were prepared containing potassiumglyphosate salt, octyl amine 2,4-D salt and excipient ingredients asshown in Table 19c. The formulations were prepared by mixing an aqueoussolution of 2,4-D octyl amine salt to a concentration in w/w % asindicated by [2,4-D] in Table 19b, surfactant(s), glycol followed byaddition of 47.8 (47.4)% w/w a.e. aqueous solution of potassiumglyphosate to a concentration in w/w % as indicated by [gly] in Table19b and then taking the total volume to 100% with water. Formulationswere tested for cloud point and for density.

TABLE 19c Cmpt. wt Cmpt. wt Cmpt. wt Cloudpt. Comp. [Gly] [2,4-D] 1 % 2% 3 % ° C. 009A5T 31.3 3.18 CIS2 9.95 OTH6 5.17 — — 81 009B9Z 30.4 2.94CIS11 9.33 OTH6 4.76 — — 71

Example 20

The effect of glyphosate and combinations of 2,4-D and glyphosate onRoundup® ready soy was tested at 1 day, 3 days and 7 days aftertreatment. Aqueous concentrate compositions were prepared containingpotassium glyphosate salt, reported in wt. % a.e. and excipientingredients as shown for formulations in Table 19a above. Theformulations were compared to RT Master® and Roundup Weathermax®. Thecompositions and comparative compositions RT Master® and RoundupWeathermax®, were applied to Roundup® ready soy plants. Results,averaged for all replicates of each treatment, are shown in Table 20a.

TABLE 20a Glyphosate Application RR Soy RR Soy RR Soy Rate % inhibition% inhibition % inhibition Composition (g a.e./ha) (1 DAT) (3 DAT) (7DAT) 656A1T 841, 1681, 15.0, 19.2, 14.2, 19.2, 12.2, 20.0, 3362 25.030.0 44.2 665A2T 841, 1681, 10.8, 23.3, 10.8, 26.7, 10.5, 27.5, 3362 2531.7 48.3 667B6Z 841, 1681, 13.3, 18.3, 13.3, 18.3, 11.0, 18.3, 336221.7 23.3 39.2 668A5V 841, 1681, 15.0, 20.8, 15.8, 23.3, 15.5, 25.0,3362 21.7 25.0 47.5 682A0M 841, 1681, 15.0, 18.3, 15.0, 20.8, 13.3,20.8, 3362 29.2 30.8 44.2 646A8K 841, 1681, 12.5, 15.0, 10.0, 17.5,12.3, 19.2, 3362 20.8 25.0 35.0 694A9Y 841, 1681, 4.7, 7.5, 5.0, 7.0,5.0, 10.0, 3362 9.5 15.8 15.8 695A2D 841, 1681, 1.0, 3.0, 3.0, 3.7, 3.0,3.7, 3362 5.0 15.0 13.3 Weathermax 841, 1681, 1.0, 1.7, 1.0, 1.3, 0.7,3.0, 3362 3.0 4.3 3.7 RT Master 841, 1681, 23.3, 20.0, 23.3, 23.3, 25.8,41.7, 3362 17.5 20.8 56.7

Example 21

The effect of glyphosate and combinations of 2,4-D and glyphosate onvelvetleaf was tested. Aqueous concentrate compositions were preparedcontaining potassium glyphosate salt, reported in wt. % a.e. andexcipient ingredients as shown for the formulations in Table 19a above.The formulations were compared to RT Master® and Roundup Weathermax®.The compositions comparative compositions RT Master® and RoundupWeathermax®, were applied to velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti, ABUTH)plants. Results, averaged for all replicates of each treatment, areshown in Table 21a.

TABLE 21a Glyphosate Application ABUTH % inhibition Composition Rate (ga.e./ha) (14 DAT) 656A1T 100, 200, 300, 400 14.2, 67.5, 83.8, 87.5665A2T 100, 200, 300, 400 36.7, 75.8, 85, 91.7 667B6Z 100, 200, 300, 40038.3, 74.2, 84.3, 90.3 668A5V 100, 200, 300, 400 48.3, 78.3, 87.5, 89.5682A0M 100, 200, 300, 400 37.5, 72.5, 83.7, 89.8 646A8K 100, 200, 300,400 40.8, 80, 85, 90.3 694A9Y 100, 200, 300, 400 67.5, 82.5, 90.8, 93.3695A2D 100, 200, 300, 400 58.3, 79.2, 88, 90.8 Weathermax 100, 200, 300,400 35.8, 73.3, 85.8, 90.8 RT Master 100, 200, 300, 400 18.3, 70, 80,89.2

The order of efficacy for ABUTH % inhibition averaged over allapplication rates was694A9Y>695A2D>668A5V>646A8K>665A2T>667B6Z>Weathermax>682A0M>RTMaster>656A1T.

Example 22

The effect of glyphosate and combinations of 2,4-D and glyphosate onvelvetleaf was tested at 16 days after treatment. Aqueous concentratecompositions were prepared containing potassium glyphosate salt,reported in wt. % a.e. and excipient ingredients as shown forformulations in Table 22a. The formulations were compared to RT Master®and Roundup Weathermax®. The 681C4J composition in Table 19a,compositions in Table 22a and comparative compositions RT Master® andRoundup Weathermax®, were applied to velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti,ABUTH) plants. Results, averaged for all replicates of each treatment,are shown in Table 22b.

TABLE 22a Cmpt. wt Cmpt. wt Cmpt. wt Comp. [Gly] [2,4-D] 1 % 2 % 3 %937C2V 40.0 — CIS6 6.65 CIS14 3.34 — — 936D9G 36.6 — CIS6 13.6 — — — —974B3X 34.3 0.69 CIS6 8.60 OTH10 5.99 — — 935A8Z 35.9 0.72 CIS6 4.48NIS2 6.42 OTH10 4.99 342B6V 36.2 — CIS6 9.05 NIS2 6.52 — — 346A4F 36.6 —CIS6 13.7 — — — — 353A1S 36.6 — CIS6 9.15 CIS4 4.58 — —

TABLE 22b Glyphosate Application ABUTH % inhibition Composition Rate (ga.e./ha) (16 DAT) 937C2V 100, 200, 300, 400 30.8, 70.8, 80.8, 91.2936D9G 100, 200, 300, 400 44.2, 77.5, 85.5, 94.3 974B3X 100, 200, 300,400 41.7, 70.8, 87.5, 92.3 935A8Z 100, 200, 300, 400 31.7, 62.5, 81.3,89.0 342B6V 100, 200, 300, 400 45.8, 73.3, 90.0, 92.0 346A4F 100, 200,300, 400 41.7, 70.0, 84.7, 91.8 353A1S 100, 200, 300, 400 43.3, 77.5,91.7, 98.3 681C4J 100, 200, 300, 400 38.3, 70.8, 83.2, 89.3 Weathermax100, 200, 300, 400 28.3, 72.5, 80.8, 90.0 RT Master 100, 200, 300, 40025.0, 65.0, 84.2, 92.2

The order of efficacy for ABUTH % inhibition averaged over allapplication rates was353A1S>936D9G>342B6V>974B3X>346A4F>681C4J>937C2V>Weathermax>RTMaster>935A8Z.

Example 23

The effect of glyphosate and combinations of 2,4-D and glyphosate onvelvetleaf was tested at 15 days after treatment. Aqueous concentratecompositions were prepared containing potassium glyphosate salt,reported in wt. % a.e. and excipient ingredients as shown forformulations in Tables 22a. The formulations were compared to RT Master®and Roundup Weathermax®. The 338A2W, 338B4F, 339A3Q, 341A7H, 352C5Z and355A9K compositions in Table 19a, the 974B3X and 935A8Z compositions inTable 23a and comparative compositions RT Master® and RoundupWeathermax®, were applied to velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti, ABUTH)plants. Results, averaged for all replicates of each treatment, areshown in Table 23a.

TABLE 23a Glyphosate Application ABUTH % inhibition Composition Rate (ga.e./ha) (15 DAT) 338A2W 100, 200, 300, 400 41.7, 74.2, 86.5, 90.5338B4F 100, 200, 300, 400 43.3, 74.2, 88.0, 90.2 339A3Q 100, 200, 300,400 46.7, 70.8, 89.2, 91.3 341A7H 100, 200, 300, 400 38.3, 73.3, 87.5,91.7 352C5Z 100, 200, 300, 400 50.0, 72.5, 85.8, 90.7 355A9K 100, 200,300, 400 45.8, 63.3, 84.7, 89.3 974B3X 100, 200, 300, 400 52.5, 76.7,88.8, 94.0 935A8Z 100, 200, 300, 400 43.3, 65.0, 84.2, 88.2 Weathermax100, 200, 300, 400 35.0, 67.5, 82.5, 96.2 RT Master 100, 200, 300, 40032.5, 69.2, 84.5, 94.0

The order of efficacy for ABUTH % inhibition averaged over allapplication rates was974B3X>352C5Z>339A3Q>338B4F>338A2W>341A7H>355A9K>Weathermax>935A8Z>RTMaster.

Example 24

The effect of glyphosate and combinations of 2,4-D and glyphosate onRoundup ready soybean plants was tested at 1 day and 3 days aftertreatment. Aqueous concentrate compositions were prepared containingpotassium glyphosate salt, reported in wt. % a.e. and excipientingredients as shown for formulations in Tables 22a. The formulationswere compared to RT Master® and Roundup Weathermax®. The 681C4J, 342B2H,342C3A, 346A7C, 353A8Q, 338A2W, 338B4F, 339A3Q, 341A7H, 352C5Z and355A9K compositions in Table 19a, the 937C2V, 936D9G, 974B3X and 935A8Zcompositions in Table 22a and comparative compositions RT Master® andRoundup Weathermax®, were applied to Roundup ready soybean (GLXMG)plants using an Al nozzle. Results, averaged for all replicates of eachtreatment, are shown in Table 24a.

TABLE 24a Glyphosate Application RR Soy RR Soy Rate % injury % injuryComposition (g a.e./ha) (1 DAT) (3 DAT) 681C4J 841, 1681 2.0, 4.0 2.8,6.5 342B2H 841, 1681  2.8, 10.3  5.0, 13.3 342C3A 841, 1681  1.8, 10.0 4.8, 11.3 346A7C 841, 1681  6.5, 14.0  5.0, 14.0 353A8Q 841, 1681  2.3,10.8  6.0, 12.8 338A2W 841, 1681 25.0, 26.3 31.3, 33.8 338B4F 841, 168123.8, 23.8 30.0, 35.0 339A3Q 841, 1681 27.5, 26.3 30.0, 35.0 341A7H 841,1681 18.8, 30.0 21.3, 38.8 352C5Z 841, 1681 25.0, 31.3 27.5, 36.3 355A9K841, 1681 21.3, 26.3 20.0, 31.3 937C2V 841, 1681 2.0, 4.0 2.3, 6.8936D9G 841, 1681 14.5, 20.0  9.3, 22.5 974B3X 841, 1681 28.8, 32.5 33.8,38.8 935A8Z 841, 1681 25.0, 23.8 23.8, 27.5 Weathermax 841, 1681  2.0,10.0 2.0, 5.0 RT Master 841, 1681 21.3, 18.8 22.5, 27.5

The order of efficacy for % control in Roundup ready soybeans averagedover all application rates using an Al nozzle was974B3X>352C5Z>339A3Q>338A2W>338B4F>341A7H>935A8Z>355A9K>RTMaster>936D9G>346A7C>342B2H>353A8Q>342C3A>Weathermax>681C4J>937C2V.

Example 25

The experiment in Example 24 was repeated using an TT nozzle to applythe formulations to the Roundup ready soybean plants. Results, averagedfor all replicates of each treatment, are shown in Table 25a.

TABLE 25a Glyphosate Application RR Soy RR Soy Rate % injury % injuryComposition (g a.e./ha) (1 DAT) (3 DAT) 681C4J 841, 1681 1.0, 3.5 1.0,2.8 342B2H 841, 1681 2.3, 6.0 2.0, 6.5 342C3A 841, 1681 3.0, 5.0 1.5,5.5 346A7C 841, 1681 2.5, 4.5 2.3, 5.3 353A8Q 841, 1681 2.0, 6.0 2.3,6.8 338A2W 841, 1681 20.0, 26.3 16.3, 28.8 338B4F 841, 1681 22.5, 26.315.0, 26.3 339A3Q 841, 1681 22.5, 22.5 20.0, 25.0 341A7H 841, 1681 20.0,25.0 15.0, 26.3 352C5Z 841, 1681 26.3, 23.8 25.0, 30.0 355A9K 841, 168128.8, 26.3 27.5, 31.3 937C2V 841, 1681 1.8, 3.0 1.3, 3.5 936D9G 841,1681 3.3, 7.3  3.3, 12.0 974B3X 841, 1681 20.0, 26.3 16.3, 28.8 935A8Z841, 1681 21.3, 26.3 18.8, 27.5 Weathermax 841, 1681 2.0, 4.5 2.0, 5.0RT Master 841, 1681 18.8, 20.0 22.5, 27.5

The order of efficacy for % control in Roundup ready soybeans averagedover all application rates using a TT nozzle was355A9K>352C5Z>935A8Z>974B3X>338A2W>338B4F>339A3Q>RTMaster>341A7H>936D9G>353A8Q>342B2H>342C3A>346A7C>Weathermax>937C2V>681C4J.

Example 26

Aqueous compositions were prepared containing potassium glyphosate salt,dicamba and excipient ingredients as shown in Table 26a. Formulationswere tested for cloud point and for density.

TABLE 26a Cmpt. wt Cmpt. wt Cmpt. wt Cloudpt. Comp. [Gly] [dicamba 1 % 2% 3 % ° C. 561A2J 39.8 0.80 CIS6 6.63 CIS4 3.32 — — 51 561B5M 39.8 0.79CIS6 6.40 CIS4 3.56 — — 53 561C3A 39.8 0.79 CIS6 5.97 CIS4 3.98 — — 56561D7Y 39.8 0.79 CIS6 5.62 CIS4 4.33 — — 58 561E8P 39.8 0.50 CIS6 6.64CIS4 3.32 — — 66

What is claimed is:
 1. An aqueous herbicidal concentrate compositioncomprising: (a) glyphosate in the form of the potassium, isopropylamine,or monoethanolamine salt thereof, in a concentration of at least 175grams acid equivalent per liter; (b) an auxin herbicide componentcomprising one or more auxin herbicides selected from the groupconsisting of 2,4-D, dicamba, and agriculturally acceptable salts oresters thereof; and (c) a first surfactant component in solution orstable suspension, emulsion or dispersion and comprising a dialkoxylatedquaternary ammonium salt having the formula:

wherein R¹¹ is a linear or branched alkyl group or a linear or branchedalkenyl group having from 1 to about 25 carbon atoms, R¹² in each of the(R¹²O)_(x) and (R¹²O )_(y) groups is independently ethylene orpropylene, R¹³ is hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, R¹⁴ is a linear orbranched alkyl group or a linear or branched alkenyl group having from 1to about 25 carbon atoms, x and y are independently an average numberfrom 2 to about 20, and X⁻ is an agriculturally acceptable anion, thecomposition further comprising: a second surfactant component comprisingan alkylpolyglycoside having the formula:[R¹⁰¹-(R¹⁰⁴)_(q)-(sug)_(u)OH]_(v)  (11) where R¹⁰¹ is hydrogen or C₁₋₁₈hydrocarbyl, R¹⁰⁴ is hydrogen or C₁₋₄ hydrocarbyl, a is 0 or 1, sug is(i) a sugar unit selected from glucose and sucrose or (ii) ahydroxyalkyl, polyhydroxyalkyl or poly(hydroxyalkyl)alkyl group, u is anaverage number from 1 to about 2, and v is an integer from 1 to
 3. 2.The composition of claim 1 wherein the auxin herbicide componentcomprises dicamba or an agriculturally acceptable salts or esterthereof.
 3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the auxin herbicidecomponent comprises 2,4-D or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof.4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the glyphosate is present in anamount of from about 200 to about 600 grams acid equivalent per liter.5. The composition of claim 1 wherein total surfactant present in thecomposition is in an amount of at least about 5 wt. % based on the totalweight of the composition.
 6. The composition of claim 1 wherein theglyphosate (acid equivalent basis) and the first surfactant componentare present in a weight ratio of from about 2:1 to about 6:1.
 7. Thecomposition of claim 1 wherein the composition has a cloud point of atleast 50° C.
 8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition has acrystallization point not higher than 0° C.
 9. The composition of claim1 comprising glyphosate in the form of the potassium, or isopropylamine,salt thereof.
 10. The composition of claim 1 comprising glyphosate inthe form of the monoethanolamine salt thereof.
 11. The composition ofclaim 1 wherein R¹¹ is a linear or branched alkyl group having fromabout 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and R¹⁴ is a linear or branched alkylgroup having from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms.
 12. The compositionof claim 11 wherein R¹² in each of the (R¹²O)_(x) and (R¹²O)_(y) groupsis independently ethylene or propylene, R¹³ is hydrogen or methyl, and xis an average number from about 2 to about
 15. 13. The composition ofclaim 1 wherein the dialkoxylated quaternary ammonium salt is selectedfrom the group consisting of PEG 2 coco methyl ammonium chloride, PEG 5coco methyl ammonium chloride, PEG 5 tallow methyl ammonium chloride,PEG 5 ditallow ammonium bromide, and PEG 10 ditallow ammonium bromide.14. The composition of claim 1 wherein R¹¹ and R¹⁴ are independently alinear or branched alkenyl group having from 1 to about 25 carbon atoms.15. The composition of claim 14 wherein R¹² in each of the (R¹²O)_(x)and (R¹²O)_(y) groups is independently C₂-C₄ alkylene, R¹³ is hydrogen,methyl, or ethyl, and the sum of x and y is an average number from about2 to about
 30. 16. An aqueous herbicidal concentrate compositioncomprising: (a) glyphosate in the form of the potassium, isopropylamine,or monoethanolamine salt thereof, in a concentration of at least 175grams acid equivalent per liter; (b) an auxin herbicide componentcomprising one or more auxin herbicides selected from the groupconsisting of 2,4-D, dicamba, and agriculturally acceptable salts oresters thereof; and (c) a first surfactant component in solution orstable suspension, emulsion or dispersion and comprising a dialkoxylatedquaternary ammonium salt having the formula:

wherein R¹¹ is a linear or branched alkyl group having from 8 to about22 carbon atoms, R¹² in each of the (R¹²O)_(x) and (R¹²O)_(y) groups isindependently ethylene or propylene, R¹³ is hydrogen or methyl, R¹⁴ is alinear or branched alkyl group or a linear or branched alkenyl grouphaving from 1 to about 25 carbon atoms, x is an average number fromabout 2 to about 15, y is an average number from 2 to about 20, and X⁻is an agriculturally acceptable anion, the composition furthercomprising a second surfactant component comprising analkylpolyglycoside having the formula:[R¹⁰¹-(R¹⁰⁴)_(q)-(sug)_(u)OH]_(v)  (11) where R¹⁰¹ is hydrogen or C₁₋₁₈hydrocarbyl, R¹⁰⁴ is hydrogen or C₁₋₄ hydrocarbyl, q is 0 or 1, sug is asugar unit selected from glucose and sucrose, u is an average numberfrom 1 to about 2, and v is an integer from 1 to
 3. 17. An aqueousherbicidal concentrate composition comprising: (a) glyphosate in theform of the potassium, isopropylamine, or monoethanolamine salt thereof,in a concentration of at least 175 grams acid equivalent per liter; (b)an auxin herbicide component comprising one or more auxin herbicidesselected from the group consisting of 2,4-D, dicamba, and agriculturallyacceptable salts or esters thereof; and (c) a first surfactant componentin solution or stable suspension, emulsion or dispersion and comprisinga dialkoxylated quaternary ammonium salt having the formula:

wherein R¹¹ and R¹⁴ are independently a linear or branched alkyl groupor a linear or branched alkyl group having from 8 to about 22 carbonatoms, R¹² in each of the (R¹²O )_(x) and (R¹²O )_(y) groups isindependently ethylene or propylene, R¹³ is hydrogen or methyl, x is anaverage number from about 5 to about 15, y is an average number from 2to about 20, and X⁻ is an agriculturally acceptable anion, thecomposition further comprising a second surfactant component comprisingan alkylpolyglycoside having the formula:[R¹⁰¹-(R¹⁰⁴)_(q)-(sug)_(u)OH]_(v)  (11) where R¹⁰¹ is hydrogen or C¹⁻¹⁸hydrocarbyl, R¹⁰⁴ is hydrogen or C₁₋₄ hydrocarbyl, q is 0 or 1, sug is asugar unit selected from glucose and sucrose, u is an average numberfrom 1 to about 2, and v is an integer from 1 to 3.